tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-62167729070983649962024-02-20T19:06:43.853-08:00Java Bali TravelHeaven on Earth were HereJabaltravhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16044589030739675329noreply@blogger.comBlogger18125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6216772907098364996.post-55145041517189265112011-10-01T06:38:00.000-07:002011-10-01T06:38:49.132-07:00TANGKUBAN PERAHU<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEipePZxfvQO1CyYKEUsjDawZLLYqb7EdJK8vvWuCx7DxjwIUn6KEuHCFsdSm9ynnbuhBI7LvCTdti9wB-QfHxFGfhKOcjAQGjX_wpBIzOpcC2oYgH-vi8wbIqVpZ5Mo4QoL1MrjWnGHvvw/s1600/TangkubanParahu-Bandung.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="150" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEipePZxfvQO1CyYKEUsjDawZLLYqb7EdJK8vvWuCx7DxjwIUn6KEuHCFsdSm9ynnbuhBI7LvCTdti9wB-QfHxFGfhKOcjAQGjX_wpBIzOpcC2oYgH-vi8wbIqVpZ5Mo4QoL1MrjWnGHvvw/s200/TangkubanParahu-Bandung.jpg" width="200" /></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Tangkuban Perahu (spelt Tangkuban Parahu in the local Sundanese dialect) is a dormant volcano 30 km north of the city of Bandung, the provincial capital of West Java, Indonesia. It last erupted in 1959. It is a popular tourist attraction where tourists can hike or ride to the edge of the crater to view the hot water springs and boiling mud up close, and buy eggs cooked on the hot surface. This stratovolcano is on the island of Java and last erupted in 1983. Together with Mount Burangrang and Bukit Tunggul, those are remnants of the ancient Mount Sunda after the plinian eruption caused the Caldera to collapse.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><a name='more'></a><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">In April 2005 the Directorate of Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation raised an alert, forbidding visitors from going up the volcano. "Sensors on the slopes of the two mountains - Anak Krakatoa on the southern tip of Sumatra Island and Tangkuban Perahu in Java - picked up an increase in volcanic activity and a build up of gases, said government volcanologist Syamsul Rizal."</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">E R U P T I V E H I S T O R Y</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">A study conducted in 2001 determined that Tangkuban Perahu has erupted at least 30 times in the previous 40,750 years. Studies of the tephra layers within 3 km of the crater revealed that twenty one were minor eruptions and the remaining nine were major eruptions. The eruptions that occurred prior to approximately 10,000 years ago were magmatic/phreatomagmatic. The eruptions that occurred after 10,000 years ago were phreatic."</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">LOCAL LEGEND OF THE MOUNTAIN</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">The name translates roughly to "upturning of (a) boat" or "upturned boat" in Sundanese, referring to the local legend of its creation. The story tells of "Dayang Sumbi", a beauty who lived in West Java. She cast away her son "Sangkuriang" for disobedience, and in her sadness was granted the power of eternal youth by the gods. After many years in exile, Sangkuriang decided to return to his home, long after the two had forgotten and failed to recognize each other. Sangkuriang fell in love with Dayang Sumbi and planned to marry her, only for Dayang Sumbi to recognize his birthmark just as he was about to go hunting. In order to prevent the marriage from taking place, Dayang Sumbi asked Sangkuriang to build a dam on the river Citarum and to build a large boat to cross the river, both before the sunrise. Sangkuriang meditated and summoned mythical ogre-like creatures -buta hejo or green giant(s)- to do his bidding. Dayang Sumbi saw that the tasks were almost completed and called on her workers to spread red silk cloths east of the city, to give the impression of impending sunrise. Sangkuriang was fooled, and upon believing that he had failed, kicked the dam and the unfinished boat, resulting in severe flooding and the creation of Tangkuban Perahu from the hull of the boat.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">~ Istalastu ~</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Source : wikipedia, google, yahoo, global nation, HBO, etc</span></div>Jabaltravhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16044589030739675329noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6216772907098364996.post-18375876090647187862011-10-01T06:33:00.000-07:002011-10-01T06:33:27.071-07:00Kuliner Kota Cirebon<div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><div style="text-align: justify;">Berikut daftar kuliner di Kota Cirebon : </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiRrSv5z0jLRqjgYoobPG-lkfLWnANpQXFX2F5H0z3KU_1Ad06-4bbDsU2TapIXrZE58FyTcp8UeoEwE58JcEAu-nxngr3nrDn6nXQiMANqfBNdR68gAlhBWoTcPGk46WsEWAYUleB89ZI/s1600/Pasar+kanoman+cirebon.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="150" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiRrSv5z0jLRqjgYoobPG-lkfLWnANpQXFX2F5H0z3KU_1Ad06-4bbDsU2TapIXrZE58FyTcp8UeoEwE58JcEAu-nxngr3nrDn6nXQiMANqfBNdR68gAlhBWoTcPGk46WsEWAYUleB89ZI/s200/Pasar+kanoman+cirebon.jpg" width="200" /></a></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><a name='more'></a></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">1. PAK ADE- Chef Empal Gentong depan gapuran Pasar Kanoman </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">2. BU ADAH- Chef Docang & Nasi Lengko Jl.Lemahwungkuk </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">3. MBAK SITI- Chef Kue Tapel depan Toko Shinta </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">4. JAJANAN PASAR KANOMAN: Bubur polos, putu pisang, apem gula, ibu penjual alang2 dan asam jawa, aneka kue kering Toko Padasuka, aneka kerupuk kulit Ibu Yetti. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">5. PAK JAJA- Chef Bubur Sop Ayam depan Toko Padasuka </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">6. ENGKOH TEK KONG-Chef Mi Yamin Pasar Kanoman </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">7. HAJI MOEL-Chef Seafood Jl. Kalibaru </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">8. PAK DUL- Chef Nasi Jamblang depan Grage Mal Jl. Cipto </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">9. BU MASTINI-Chef Sayur Asem Jl. Tuparev </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">10. Teh Poci dengan tea set khas dari tanah liat. Bagian dalam poci tidak pernah dicuci agar</div><div style="text-align: justify;">menghasilkan aroma teh yang ‘wasgitel’. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Ada info yang lain ? </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">~ Istalastu ~ </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div></span>Jabaltravhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16044589030739675329noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6216772907098364996.post-25849006817326987202011-09-20T01:25:00.000-07:002011-09-20T01:27:50.628-07:00Wine itu Menyehatkan<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8QVtbSU2W1V0kxpZtAk4BBVua6Ny4xxFAasXWA9YhOFeU6dQgHUfRE-X8q56vQwYn9XkBbYUtoywWvQDWNBUMlh4NvbQImaS-_1oAlt3T3IiCWuC2lPMvSI0UHcvbGlXRqs9Lkhdd9H4/s1600/Red-Wine.png.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8QVtbSU2W1V0kxpZtAk4BBVua6Ny4xxFAasXWA9YhOFeU6dQgHUfRE-X8q56vQwYn9XkBbYUtoywWvQDWNBUMlh4NvbQImaS-_1oAlt3T3IiCWuC2lPMvSI0UHcvbGlXRqs9Lkhdd9H4/s200/Red-Wine.png.jpeg" width="200" /></a><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">Wine bukan sekedar teman pesta. Khasiatnya bagi tubuh sangat beragam, mulai dari mengusir stress, menyehatkan jantung, dan ………… meningkatkan gairah seksual !!!<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">“<i>WINE IS THE MOST HEALTHFUL and most hygienic of beverages</i>”<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">Begitulah kata ahli mikrobiologi, LOUIS PASTEUR. Dibalik warnanya yang menarik dan penampilannya yang terkesan ekslusif, wine menyimpan banyak khasiat bagi kesehatan. Daripada menelan obat yang pahit, bukankah anda lebih suka </span></div><a name='more'></a>meneguk segelas wine <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:state w:st="on">kan</st1:state></st1:place> ? (ha ha ha)<o:p></o:p><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">Dalam bukunya, <i>The Pleasure of Wine</i>, Ian Blacburn dan Allison Levine mengatakan bahwa sebenarnya wine adalah fermentasi jus berbagai jenis buah-buahan. Tak hanya buah anggur, melainkan juga peach, pir, dan beberapa jenis berry. Selain buah-buahan sebagai bahan utamanya, wine juga bisa dibuat dari biji-bijian, misalnya beras, yang dipakai untuk membuat sake (wine di jepang). <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:city w:st="on">Ada</st1:city></st1:place> juga tanaman yang menjadi bahan dasar pembuatan wine, yaitu dandelion (sejenis rumput yang bunganya berwarna kuning). <st1:city w:st="on">Arak</st1:city>, yang lebih dikenal di <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:country-region w:st="on">Indonesia</st1:country-region></st1:place>, juga bisa dikategorikan sebagai salah satu jenis wine.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">Jika dikumpulkan, ada ribuan bahkan jutaan jenis wine di dunia. Jenisnya sangat beragam, tergantung dari berbagai macam faktor, misalnya, jenis buah anggur yang dipergunakan, iklim daerah itu, tanah tempat penanaman anggurnya, dan bahkan cara fermentasi yang diterapkan. Karena itu, kandungan alkoholnya pun sangat bervariasi. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">Pada dasarnya, minum wine saat bersantap dapat membantu proses pencernaan. Wine mengandung asam tinggi yang bekerja sama dengan asam lambung untuk mencerna makanan. Sejumlah wine juga memiliki khasiat yang khas untuk kesegaran dan kesehatan. Penelitian yang dilakukan oleh <i>Harvard School of Public Health</i>, AS, menyebutkan bahwa mereka yang teratur meminum wine dalam jumlah yang terbatas memiliki jantung yang lebih sehat. Mereka yang mengkonsumsi wine juga lebih panjang umur dibandingkan dengan yang bukan peminum wine karena resiko terkena serangan jantungnya lebih kecil (Kandungan Etanol dalam wine akan meningkatkan jumlah kolesterol <i>High Density Lipoprotein</i> yang melindungi jantung).<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">Penelitian lain yang dilakukan di <i>American <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:city w:st="on">College of Cardiologi</st1:city><span style="font-style: normal;">, <st1:state w:st="on">AS</st1:state></span></st1:place><span style="font-style: normal;">, menyebutkan efek positif lain dari wine. Minum satu gelas wine per hari dapat mengurangi risiko terkena penyakit pembuluh darah koroner hingga 50%. Namun dalam konsumsi wine yang berlebihan justru akan mengganggu kesehatan, misalnya menimbulkan penyakit tekanan darah tinggi dan memicu serangan jantung hingga menyebabkan kematian mendadak.<o:p></o:p></span></i></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">Tidak seperti jenis minuman beralkohol lainnya, wine mengandung zat flavonoid, yang bersifat anti oksidan. Zat tersebut mampu mengusir radikal bebas yang merusak sel-sel tubuh, termasuk sel jantung. Wine membantu menurunkan kadar kolesterol LDL (<i>Low Density Lipoprotein</i>) sehingga tidak terjadi penyempitan atau penyumbatan pembuluh darah.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">Berdasarkan penelitian John D. Folts, Ph.D, seorang profesor di bidang kesehatan dari <i>University of Wisconsin Medical School</i> di Madison, AS, flavonoid yang terkandung dalam red wine berfungsi sebagai anti oksidan yang lebih kuat jika dibandingkan dengan Vitamin E. Karena itu, red wine juga berguna untuk mencegah tumbuhnya sel-sel kanker.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">Agar sistem peredaran darah lancar, sejumlah dokter di Perancis memberi saran untuk mengkonsumsi segelas red wine setiap hari. Jenis wine yang paling baik bagi kesehatan jantung adalah <i>Sauvignon</i>, <i>Petite, Sirah</i>, dan <i>Merlot</i>.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">Tak hanya melindungi jantung, wine juga mampu melawan infeksi di dalam tubuh. Baik red wine ataupun white wine ternyata lebih efektif mengusir bakteri-bakteri berbahaya dibandingkan dengan obat. Mereka juga mampu membunuh mikro organisme yang mengganggu proses pencernaan, seperti <i>shigella, samonella</i>, dan <i>eschericia coli</i>.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">(Istalastu)<o:p></o:p></span></div>Jabaltravhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16044589030739675329noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6216772907098364996.post-15320228578169678292011-08-14T07:09:00.000-07:002011-08-14T07:09:57.858-07:00Jogjakarta City (Yogya)<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgKIRXEoh3khw01X0ztit1Au6tpeZXpwT8uWudhMrqQpD510ttwfWHDGi61D6h0rH-315vN2VbZpBTeojyj26qWv2kND27tRt1jkZjN_x2dhU3ohhSaOp0qXqqSAhgCkyVEniVrnwWwdsU/s1600/keraton.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgKIRXEoh3khw01X0ztit1Au6tpeZXpwT8uWudhMrqQpD510ttwfWHDGi61D6h0rH-315vN2VbZpBTeojyj26qWv2kND27tRt1jkZjN_x2dhU3ohhSaOp0qXqqSAhgCkyVEniVrnwWwdsU/s200/keraton.jpg" width="180" /></a><st1:placename w:st="on"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Jogjakarta</span></st1:placename><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> <st1:placetype w:st="on">City</st1:placetype> (also Jogja, Yogya, <st1:city w:st="on">Jogjakarta</st1:city>) is a city in the Yogyakarta Special Region, <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Indonesia</st1:place></st1:country-region>. It is renowned as a center of classical Javanese fine art and culture such as batik, ballet, drama, music, poetry, and puppet shows. It is also famous as a center for Indonesian higher education. <st1:place w:st="on">Yogyakarta</st1:place> was the Indonesian capital during the Indonesian National Revolution from 1945 to 1949.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">The area of the city of <st1:city w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Yogyakarta</st1:place></st1:city> is 32.5 km². While the city sprawls in all directions from the kraton, the core of the modern city is to the north, centering around the site of a few buildings with distinctive Dutch colonial-era architecture and the contemporary commercial district. Jalan Malioboro, </span></div><a name='more'></a>with rows of sidewalk vendors and nearby market and malls, is the primary shopping street for tourists in the city, while Jalan Solo, further north, is a shopping district more frequented by locals. At the southern end of Malioboro, on the east side is the large local market of Beringharjo, not far from <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:placetype w:st="on">Fort</st1:placetype> <st1:placename w:st="on">Vredeburg</st1:placename></st1:place> a restored Dutch fort.<o:p></o:p><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">At <st1:place w:st="on">Yogyakarta</st1:place>'s center is the kraton, or Sultan's palace. Surrounding the kraton is a densely populated residential neighborhood that occupies land that was formerly the Sultan's sole domain. Evidence of this former use remains in the form of old walls and the ruined Taman Sari, built in 1758 as a pleasure garden. No longer used by the sultan, the garden had been largely abandoned. For a time, it was used for housing by palace employees and descendants. Reconstruction efforts began in 2004, and an effort to renew the neighborhood around the kraton has begun. The site is a developing tourist attraction.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">A D M I N I S T R A T I O N<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">The city is divided into 14 districts : Gondokusuman, Jetis, Tegalrejo, Umbulharjo, Kotagede, Mergangsan, Ngampilan, Danurejan, Kraton, Wirobrajan, Pakualaman, Mantrijeron, Gedongtengen and Gondomanan.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">ARTS AND CULTURE<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><st1:place w:st="on"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Yogyakarta</span></st1:place><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> is known for its silver work, leather puppets used for shadow plays (wayang kulit), and a unique style of making batik dyed fabric. It is also known for its vivid contemporary art scene. <st1:place w:st="on">Yogyakarta</st1:place> is also known for its gamelan music, including the unique style Gamelan Yogyakarta, which developed in the courts.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><st1:place w:st="on"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Yogyakarta</span></st1:place><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> is also a haven for underground art. It is home to many independent filmmaking communities, independent musicians, performance artists, and visual artists. One underground community that is internationally reputable among art collectors but barely heard of within the country is the Taring Padi community in Bantul, which produces posters using a technique called cukil. daren kidul Dono Kerto Turi<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">DEMOGRAPHY AND LANGUAGE<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Most population is Javanese, but being a student city, there are also significant population of people from other ethnicities in <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Indonesia</st1:place></st1:country-region>. This status makes Yogyakarta as one of the most heterogeneous city in terms of ethnicity in <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Indonesia</st1:place></st1:country-region>. Indonesian as the official national language, and Javanese are widely used as daily spoken languages, especially by the Javanese.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">H I S T O R Y<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">The City of Jogjakarta and the Kingdom of Jogjakarta is established as a result of a "Gianti war treaty" (Perjanjian Gianti) by HRH Prince Mangkubumi, who later become HRH Sultan Hamengkubuwono I. Officially, the creation of Kingdom of Jogjakarta is dated in October 7, 1756 as a result of civil war among the bloodline of The Kingdom of Mataram. The civil war is fought against Hamengkubuwono's and his elder brother, HRH Sunan Pakubuwono I. This civil war marked the end of the <st1:placetype w:st="on">Kingdom</st1:placetype> of <st1:placename w:st="on">Mataram</st1:placename> and resulted in birth to the <st1:placetype w:st="on">Kingdom</st1:placetype> of <st1:placename w:st="on">Jogjakarta</st1:placename> and the <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:placetype w:st="on">Kingdom</st1:placetype> of <st1:placename w:st="on">Surakarta</st1:placename></st1:place> (Solo, Midle of Java).<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">The root of the civil war started when Sunan Pakubuwono I agreed to cooperate with the Dutch colonial government and submit to foreign (western) powers. His younger brother, HRH Prince Mangkumbumi (HRH Sultan Hamengkubuwono) stood against the concept for his people to become slaves under Dutch rule. The Javanese slaves were used to work for businesses owned by V.O.C. and the Dutch Colonial Government and exported to present day <st1:country-region w:st="on">Suriname</st1:country-region> in <st1:place w:st="on">South America</st1:place>. The Javanese people were slaughtered and given un-humane treatment conditions. In the <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:country-region w:st="on">Netherlands</st1:country-region></st1:place> itself, part the Dutch people stood against the policy of their home government but replied by minimum response.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Prince Mangkubumi fought until the defeat of the Pakubuwono forces and declared sovereignty in the <st1:placetype w:st="on">Kingdom</st1:placetype> of <st1:placename w:st="on">Jogjakarta</st1:placename> south of the original <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:placetype w:st="on">Kingdom</st1:placetype> of <st1:placename w:st="on">Mataram</st1:placename></st1:place>. Because of this historical act of bravery and sacrifice, <st1:city w:st="on">Jogjakarta</st1:city> is given Special Administrative Region (SAR) status, making the <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:placetype w:st="on">Province</st1:placetype> of <st1:placename w:st="on">Jogjakarta</st1:placename></st1:place> the only province headed by a monarchy.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">M U S E U M S<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Due to the importance of <st1:place w:st="on">Yogyakarta</st1:place> during the war of independence from the Dutch, there are numerous memorials and museums. Yogya Kembali, and <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:placetype w:st="on">Fort</st1:placetype> <st1:placename w:st="on">Vredenburg</st1:placename></st1:place> are two major museums of about 11 named in the city.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">To the east of the town centre is a large air-force museum; as <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:country-region w:st="on">Indonesia</st1:country-region></st1:place> was for a period in the Soviet sphere of influence this museum contains a number of vintage Russian aircraft not widely available for inspection in the NATO sphere of influence. The collection includes examples of the Mig 15 trainer (NATO designation Mongol), MiG 17 (Fresco), MiG 19 (Farmer), Mig 21 (Fishbed) and Tu16 (Badger), together with an assortment of American and British aircraft.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">T R A N S P O R T A T I O N<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Yogyakarta is served by <st1:placename w:st="on">Adisucipto</st1:placename> <st1:placename w:st="on">International</st1:placename> <st1:placetype w:st="on">Airport</st1:placetype> which connects the city with some other major cities in <st1:country-region w:st="on">Indonesia</st1:country-region>, such as <st1:city w:st="on">Jakarta</st1:city>, <st1:city w:st="on">Surabaya</st1:city>, Bali, Makassar, <st1:city w:st="on">Balikpapan</st1:city>, <st1:city w:st="on">Banjarmasin</st1:city>, and <st1:city w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Pontianak</st1:place></st1:city>. It also connects the city with <st1:country-region w:st="on">Singapore</st1:country-region> (operated by Garuda <st1:country-region w:st="on">Indonesia</st1:country-region>) and <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:city w:st="on">Kuala Lumpur</st1:city></st1:place> (operated by AirAsia and Malaysia Airlines).<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">The city is located on one of the two major railway lines across Java between <st1:city w:st="on">Jakarta</st1:city> / <st1:city w:st="on">Bandung</st1:city> and <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:city w:st="on">Surabaya</st1:city></st1:place>. It has two passenger railway stations, Tugu Railway Station serves business and executive class trains while Lempuyangan Station serves economy class trains. Both stations are located in downtown <st1:place w:st="on">Yogyakarta</st1:place> city.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">The city has an extensive system of public city buses, and is a major destination for inter-city buses to elsewhere on Java or <st1:place w:st="on">Bali</st1:place>, as well as taxis, andongs, and becaks. Motorbikes are by far the most commonly used personal transportation, but an increasing number of residents own automobiles.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Starting from early 2008, the city has operated a bus rapid transit system called Trans Jogja. This system is modeled after TransJakarta. But unlike Trans Jakarta, there is no particular lane for Trans Jogja buses, they run on main streets. Currently there are six lines of Trans Jogja service, with routes throughout main streets of <st1:place w:st="on">Yogyakarta</st1:place>, which some overlap one another. The lines extend from Jombor bus station in the north as far as Giwangan main bus terminal in the south and Prambanan bus shelter in the east via <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:placename w:st="on">Adisucipto</st1:placename> <st1:placename w:st="on">International</st1:placename> <st1:placetype w:st="on">Airport</st1:placetype></st1:place>. Trans Jogja has now become a new trademark of <st1:place w:st="on">Yogyakarta</st1:place> and frequently used by local citizens and tourists alike.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">In a recent forum discussion on long-term future transportation plans in <st1:place w:st="on">Yogyakarta</st1:place> held in Universitas Gadjah Mada, Head of Yogyakarta region transportation master plan team, Prof Ahmad Munawar, said that, in 2016 various modern transport modes include monorail, aerobus, and tram will begin operating in the city and the region.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">E D U C A T I O N<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Jogjakarta is the home of several state and private universities, among them is the first (private higher education)university in Indonesia, Universitas Islam Indonesia (U.I.I.) which was established in 1945 with the name "Sekolah Tinggi Islam" (Islam School of Higher Education) followed by the first state own university in Indonesia, Universitas Gajah Mada (Gajah Mada University)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">As a city of art and culture, <st1:city w:st="on">Jogjakarta</st1:city> is the home of Institut Seni <st1:country-region w:st="on">Indonesia</st1:country-region> - <st1:city w:st="on">Jogjakarta</st1:city> (Indonesia Institute of the Arts), <st1:country-region w:st="on">Indonesia</st1:country-region>'s first and finnest <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:placename w:st="on">Art</st1:placename> <st1:placename w:st="on">School</st1:placename></st1:place>.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Presently, <st1:city w:st="on">Jogjakarta</st1:city> is the home to more than 50 institutions for higher education in <st1:country-region w:st="on">Indonesia</st1:country-region>, the highest number of higher education institutions located in one province through out <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:country-region w:st="on">Indonesia</st1:country-region></st1:place>. Because of this fact, <st1:city w:st="on">Jogjakarta</st1:city> is dubbed as "<st1:place w:st="on"><st1:placename w:st="on">Student</st1:placename> <st1:placetype w:st="on">City</st1:placetype></st1:place>" or "Kota Pelajar"<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">T O U R I S M<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Yogyakarta is known as the second most important tourist destination in <st1:country-region w:st="on">Indonesia</st1:country-region> besides <st1:place w:st="on">Bali</st1:place>. Most tourists come to <st1:place w:st="on">Yogyakarta</st1:place> for its strong Javanese culture and tradition, makes it prominent among other Javanese cities. Along with <st1:city w:st="on">Surakarta</st1:city> or Solo, a city lies about 64 km to the east, <st1:place w:st="on">Yogyakarta</st1:place> becomes the center of Javanese culture.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">HEALTH FACILITIES<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">The major hospitals in Yogyakarta include Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat (RSUP) Dr Sardjito Yogyakarta – Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Bethesda Hospital Yogyakarta, <st1:placename w:st="on">Panti</st1:placename> <st1:placename w:st="on">Rapih</st1:placename> <st1:placetype w:st="on">Hospital</st1:placetype>, and <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:placename w:st="on">Jogja</st1:placename> <st1:placename w:st="on">International</st1:placename> <st1:placetype w:st="on">Hospital</st1:placetype></st1:place>.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">~ Istalastu ~<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://istanalangit.com/wp-content/uploads/468-x-90-1.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="61" src="http://istanalangit.com/wp-content/uploads/468-x-90-1.gif" width="320" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Source : wikipedia. Google, yahoo, etc.<o:p></o:p></span></div>Jabaltravhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16044589030739675329noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6216772907098364996.post-83169564549952900822011-08-13T09:48:00.000-07:002011-08-14T06:02:02.179-07:00Tanah Lot<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhw3UzYUQ0qVdDPt6wpIPg2dWJJENEz8MXjsj2eNqfGoLkN9OcCjAwlSKFpYB0zPKfT3Wd-el2BCQjQ9QF8Vu2_5LUgIz68tB4FchoBIpk1rX5AUx5BjtJ5mdfbxXmNHUGq8ISb_fuF10Y/s1600/Tanah+Lot+1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="170" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhw3UzYUQ0qVdDPt6wpIPg2dWJJENEz8MXjsj2eNqfGoLkN9OcCjAwlSKFpYB0zPKfT3Wd-el2BCQjQ9QF8Vu2_5LUgIz68tB4FchoBIpk1rX5AUx5BjtJ5mdfbxXmNHUGq8ISb_fuF10Y/s320/Tanah+Lot+1.jpg" width="320" /></a><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%;">Tanah Lot is one of the famous background when tourist want to take a picture when they visiting <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:placename w:st="on">Bali</st1:placename> <st1:placetype w:st="on">Island</st1:placetype></st1:place> (include myself). The silhouette of <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:city w:st="on">Temple</st1:city></st1:place> in tanah lot create a special beauty, especially on sunset. There is two <st1:city w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Temple</st1:place></st1:city> or pura which located on a big stone above sea. One of them is on the top of the stone, and the other is on the bank. In a good weather, you also can see Pura Uluwatu from here. Tanah Lot is a rock formation off the indonesian <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:placetype w:st="on">island</st1:placetype> of <st1:placename w:st="on">Bali</st1:placename></st1:place>. It is home of a pilgrimage temple, the Pure Tanah Lot and a popular tourist and cultural icon for photography and general exocitism<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%;">The word of Tanah Lot is consisted of two words that are Tanah word interpreted as a reef looking like gili or isle. <st1:place w:st="on">Lot</st1:place> or Lod word has meaning the sea. So Tanah Lot is </span></div><a name='more'></a>meaning the small island floating on the sea. The location is now called as Tanah Lot has been used at a Megalithic period as a place that looked into holy, proven from the existence of menhir. Pursuant to environmental condition, hence the structure of <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:placename w:st="on">Tanah</st1:placename> <st1:placename w:st="on">Lot</st1:placename> <st1:placetype w:st="on">Temple</st1:placetype></st1:place> is built at irregular reef plain of its angle which is only consisted of one plain yard as Jeroan.<o:p></o:p><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><st1:placename w:st="on"><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%;">Tanah</span></st1:placename><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%;"> <st1:placename w:st="on">Lot</st1:placename> <st1:placetype w:st="on">Temple</st1:placetype> is located in coastal side of Beraban countryside, <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:city w:st="on">Kediri</st1:city></st1:place> sub district and Tabanan Regency. It is situated in 30 Km in west side of Denpasar town and about 11 Km in south side of Tabanan town. The temple is built on the rock with 3 acre size and reachable in a few minute by walk, because it is just 20 meters from the coastal lip. This temple is very famous among tourist destinations in <st1:place w:st="on">Bali</st1:place> with spectacular view of sunset.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%;">Pura Tanah Lot is a part of Pura Sad Kahyangan (the big holy temple in Bali), which is the “heart” of the Bali Island, and Pura Tanah Lot is a place for balinese people to pray for the god’s of ocean, Dewa Baruna or Bathara Segara. The media of worship to this god is the temple building with 5 storied meanwhile the 3 storied temple building in north part of this area is purposing to worship. By the legend, this <st1:city w:st="on">Temple</st1:city> or pura is built by a brahmana (a wise person in hindu’s religion - Priest) who called Sanghyang Nirantha, who have travel along from <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:placename w:st="on">Java</st1:placename> <st1:placetype w:st="on">Island</st1:placetype></st1:place>. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%;">The Priest have succed to strengthen balinese people’s trust to hindu’s religion and he build Sad Kahyangan on 16<sup>th</sup> century. At that moment, Tanah Lot in command of Bendesa Beraben. He feel envy to the priest and command to the priest to leave Tanah Lot. But, before Sanghyang Nirantha leaved Tanah Lot, with his power, he remove some huge stone to the midle of coast and build a <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:city w:st="on">Temple</st1:city></st1:place> on it. He also alter his shawl to become a big snake who will guard the <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:city w:st="on">Temple</st1:city></st1:place> from bad influence, and the snake is still there until now. If you were lucky, you can meet the snake when the sea water ebb. But beware, the holy tame snake with a yellow striped black color on skin have a thrice more noxious than Cobra Snake.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%;">As a favorite tourism destination in <st1:place w:st="on">Bali</st1:place>, Tanah Lot owns a magnificent view in particular at the sunset time where the sun slows down to the earth stomach. Every visitor who is paying a visit to this place will be marveled to see the beauty panorama of Tanah Lot. Beside of this temple, there are other temples which can be seen on your visit to Tanah Lot like <st1:placename w:st="on">Batu</st1:placename> <st1:placename w:st="on">Bolong</st1:placename> <st1:placetype w:st="on">Temple</st1:placetype>, <st1:placename w:st="on">Batumejan</st1:placename> <st1:placetype w:st="on">Temple</st1:placetype> and <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:placename w:st="on">Enjung</st1:placename> <st1:placename w:st="on">Galuh</st1:placename> <st1:placetype w:st="on">Temple</st1:placetype></st1:place>.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%;">There is a lot of art shop that you can find on Tanah Lot. From the parking area, to the shrine/temple area, you can find many kind of bali’s traditional souvenir, like clothes, bag, statue, and still many other. Also you can find a fine food and beverage in the same place, and I believe, it will bewild you … </span><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%;">J</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%;">~ ista lastu ~<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%;">source : google, yahoo, altavista, local magazine, wikipedia, national geography, etc,<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://istanalangit.com/wp-content/uploads/468-x-90-1.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="76" src="http://istanalangit.com/wp-content/uploads/468-x-90-1.gif" width="400" /></a></div><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%;"><br />
</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div>Jabaltravhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16044589030739675329noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6216772907098364996.post-32554761639307126122011-08-13T09:45:00.000-07:002011-08-14T06:04:07.903-07:00Alas Kedaton<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjQZEFKKKGkYjxemRyeAjTYYvWwxyGRy0eF_Pj7K7AxXPmLE_rIVU521b_jBe7dFMdu71XMnKOt7mlS95MsIUyySdv9EMPNQz8DWTZcjhynOpfP2_xgIQdOzhu5ZE9lFqN5q5ZC32qqRL4/s1600/Alas+Kedaton+1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="170" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjQZEFKKKGkYjxemRyeAjTYYvWwxyGRy0eF_Pj7K7AxXPmLE_rIVU521b_jBe7dFMdu71XMnKOt7mlS95MsIUyySdv9EMPNQz8DWTZcjhynOpfP2_xgIQdOzhu5ZE9lFqN5q5ZC32qqRL4/s320/Alas+Kedaton+1.jpg" width="320" /></a><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%;">Have you heard about Alas Kedaton? (in english, alas=forest, kedaton=palace). Alas Kedaton is a small forest which located in the middle of the rice field in Tabanan regency, west <st1:place w:st="on">Bali</st1:place>. More precisely is located in Kukuh countryside, Marga Sub district, Tabanan Regency. The total size of this forest, temple and its supporter facility is about 12 ha. In this forest or alas, there is a temple which called as <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:placename w:st="on">Alas</st1:placename> <st1:placename w:st="on">Kedaton</st1:placename> <st1:placetype w:st="on">Temple</st1:placetype></st1:place> and owns the natural environments that is looked green with its fresh air and create the calm, quite and holy atmosphere. The monkeys in Alas Kedaton are domesticated / very tame and free gallivanting in temple yard, so that the calm atmosphere is sometime solved by noise voice of the monkey, which are playing around and scrambling of food. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%;">The monkeys who dwell in this forest, there are </span></div><a name='more'></a>jump up and down in temple wall, take a bath in moat or there is also hang out in few leaves representing impression view. The monkey like as custodian of temple, which are always ready to greet all visitor who are paying a visit to this place. Beside monkeys, in Kedaton forest also can be met the bats and some other animals. At least 24 types of grove plant have been identified in Alas Kedaton.<o:p></o:p><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%;">The journey go to this place can be done easily by using any kind of vehicle by just following the major roadway from Denpasar to Tabanan. On the way go to this tourist place, we will see the beautiful nature view where in front of us, that we will see the carpet of rice field and water irrigation voice at the side of road to bear the impression/peaceful atmosphere. Alas <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:placename w:st="on">Kedaton</st1:placename> <st1:placetype w:st="on">Temple</st1:placetype></st1:place> have three yard that are external yard, middle and center yard. In the center and middle yard are encircled by wall and the outside yard is representing a open yard. The interesting point of this temple is the inside yard representing holy yard, it’s situation lower than the middle yard. This thing is different compare with the general temples in <st1:place w:st="on">Bali</st1:place> that are more goes to inside the temple, the more higher the place will be. Beside of that another interesting point of this temple owns four entrances.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%;">The temple ceremony in alas Kedaton temple is carried out every 210 days a year. It is on Anggarakasih Medangsia (Balinese Hindu Calendar) or on every Tuesday where on that time the society do the worship or pray to request the safety and prosperity. The unique in this ceremony is do not use the fire and do not hence Penjor and also finished before the sunset or before the night is come.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%;">In growth of handling of this tourist destination, Alas Kedaton has several become a training location about tourism nature, environmental handling and agro tourism. Alas Kedaton is many visited by the tourist from local and foreign countries which are generally a lot of paying a visit on August, December until January, while the local tourist generally pay a visit on holiday season and feast day of Ramadan (Moslem holiday) and this place is good to be visited in the day time. In front of Alas Kedaton temple there are quite a lot small shops selling the handicraft as souvenir, for example clothes, pants and other handicrafts. Others, there are some shops booth selling food and beverage, toilet and park area which is wide enough. So, what do you waiting for. Just visit and have a nice adventure.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%;">~ ista lastu ~<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://istanalangit.com/wp-content/uploads/468-x-90-1.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="76" src="http://istanalangit.com/wp-content/uploads/468-x-90-1.gif" width="400" /></a></div><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%;">Source : google, yahoo, altavista, wikipedia, national geography, etc<o:p></o:p></span></div>Jabaltravhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16044589030739675329noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6216772907098364996.post-27135358941871029262011-07-14T20:54:00.000-07:002011-08-14T06:05:04.423-07:00Solo / Sala / Surakarta<div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"></span><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgycCTYox3M4-GNM_KwrUB2ddEMxBXB0LRQWDGdXhCQwEThfK9FO7S9Rar7h0GCrQaVLGou49gucC3vpihN8JPsVOPV4UesJ_SDqA_LGdVhvcGOWSNAfTEHLweaDNdBgD1yWVl11-equj4/s1600/pasar+gede+solo+old.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="197" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgycCTYox3M4-GNM_KwrUB2ddEMxBXB0LRQWDGdXhCQwEThfK9FO7S9Rar7h0GCrQaVLGou49gucC3vpihN8JPsVOPV4UesJ_SDqA_LGdVhvcGOWSNAfTEHLweaDNdBgD1yWVl11-equj4/s320/pasar+gede+solo+old.jpg" width="320" /></a>Surakarta, juga disebut Solo atau Sala, adalah kota yang terletak di provinsi Jawa Tengah, Indonesia yang berpenduduk 503.421 jiwa (2010) dan kepadatan penduduk 13.636/km2. Kota dengan luas 44 km2 ini berbatasan dengan Kabupaten Karanganyar dan Kabupaten Boyolali di sebelah utara, Kabupaten Karanganyar dan Kabupaten Sukoharjo di sebelah timur dan barat, dan Kabupaten Sukoharjo di sebelah selatan. Sisi timur kota ini dilewati sungai yang terabadikan dalam salah satu lagu keroncong, Bengawan Solo. Bersama dengan Yogyakarta, Solo merupakan pewaris Kerajaan Mataram yang dipecah pada tahun 1755. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><a name='more'></a></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">NAMA </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Nama Surakarta digunakan dalam konteks formal, sedangkan nama Solo untuk konteks informal. Akhiran -karta merujuk pada kota, dan kota Surakarta masih memiliki hubungan sejarah yang erat dengan Kartasura. Nama Solo berasal dari nama desa Sala. Ketika Indonesia masih menganut Ejaan Repoeblik, nama kota ini juga ditulis Soerakarta. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Nama "Surakarta" diberikan sebagai nama "wisuda" bagi pusat pemerintahan baru ini. Namun, sejumlah catatan lama menyebut bentuk antara "Salakarta". </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">SEJARAH </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Eksistensi kota ini dimulai di saat Kesultanan Mataram memindahkan kedudukan raja dari Kartasura ke Desa Sala, di tepi Bengawan Solo. Secara resmi, keraton mulai ditempati tanggal 17 Februari 1745. Akibat perpecahan wilayah kerajaan, di Solo berdiri dua keraton: Kasunanan Surakarta dan Praja Mangkunegaran, menjadikan kota Solo sebagai kota dengan dua administrasi. Kekuasaan politik kedua kerajaan ini dilikuidasi setelah berdirinya Republik Indonesia pada tanggal 17 Agustus 1945. Selama 10 bulan, Solo berstatus sebagai daerah setingkat provinsi, yang dikenal sebagai Daerah Istimewa Surakarta. Selanjutnya, karena berkembang gerakan antimonarki di Surakarta serta kerusuhan, penculikan, dan pembunuhan pejabat-pejabat DIS, maka pada tanggal 16 Juni 1945 pemerintah RI membubarkan DIS dan menghilangkan kekuasaan raja-raja Kasunanan dan Mangkunagaran. Status Susuhunan Surakarta dan Adipati Mangkunegara menjadi rakyat biasa di masyarakat dan Keraton diubah menjadi pusat pengembangan seni dan budaya Jawa. Kemudian Solo ditetapkan menjadi tempat kedudukan dari residen, yang membawahi Karesidenan Surakarta (Residentie Soerakarta) dengan luas daerah 5.677 km². Tanggal 16 Juni diperingati sebagai hari jadi Kota Solo era modern. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Setelah Karesidenan Surakarta dihapuskan pada tanggal 4 Juli 1950, Surakarta menjadi kota di bawah administrasi Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Semenjak berlakunya UU Pemerintahan Daerah yang memberikan banyak hak otonomi bagi pemerintahan daerah, Surakarta menjadi daerah berstatus kota otonom. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">GEOGRAFI & ADMINISTRASI </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Surakarta terletak di dataran rendah di ketinggian 105 m dpl dan di pusat kota 95 m dpl, dengan luas 44,1 km2 (0,14 % luas Jawa Tengah). Surakarta berada sekitar 65 km timur laut Yogyakarta dan 100 km tenggara Semarang serta dikelilingi oleh Gunung Merbabu dan Merapi (tinggi 3115m) di bagian barat, dan Gunung Lawu (tinggi 2806m) di bagian timur. Agak jauh di selatan terbentang Pegunungan Sewu. Tanah di sekitar kota ini subur karena dikelilingi oleh Bengawan Solo, sungai terpanjang di Jawa, dengan beberapa anak sungainya. Mata air bersumber dari lereng gunung Merapi, yang keseluruhannya berjumlah 19 lokasi, dengan kapasitas 3.404 l/detik. Ketinggian rata-rata mata air adalah 800-1.200 m dpl. Pada tahun 1890 – 1827 hanya ada 12 sumur di Surakarta. Saat ini pengambilan air bawah tanah berkisar sekitar 45 l/detik yang berlokasi di 23 titik. Pengambilan air tanah dilakukan oleh industri dan masyarakat, umumnya ilegal dan tidak terkontrol. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Sampai dengan Maret 2006, PDAM Surakarta memiliki kapasitas produksi sebesar 865,02 liter/detik. Air baku berasal dari sumber mata air Cokrotulung, Klaten (387 liter/detik) yang terletak 27 km dari kota Solo dengan elevasi 210,5 di atas permukaan laut dan yang berasal dari 26 buah sumur dalam, antara lain di Banjarsari, dengan total kapasitas 478,02 liter/detik. Selain itu total kapasitas resevoir adalah sebesar 9.140 m3.Dengan kapasitas yang ada, PDAM Surakarta mampu melayani 55,22% masyarakat Surakarta termasuk kawasan hinterland dengan pemakaian rata-rata 22,42 m3/bulan. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Tanah di Solo bersifat pasiran dengan komposisi mineral muda yang tinggi sebagai akibat aktivitas vulkanik Merapi dan Lawu. Komposisi ini, ditambah dengan ketersediaan air yang cukup melimpah, menyebabkan dataran rendah ini sangat baik untuk budidaya tanaman pangan, sayuran, dan industri, seperti tembakau dan tebu. Namun demikian, sejak 20 tahun terakhir industri manufaktur dan pariwisata berkembang pesat sehingga banyak terjadi perubahan peruntukan lahan untuk kegiatan industri dan perumahan penduduk. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Kota Surakarta terletak di antara 110 45` 15" - 110 45` 35" Bujur Timur dan 70` 36" - 70` 56" Lintang Selatan dan berbatasan dengan Kabupaten Karanganyar dan Kabupaten Boyolali di sebelah utara, Kabupaten Karanganyar dan Kabupaten Sukoharjo di sebelah timur dan barat, dan Kabupaten Sukoharjo di sebelah selatan.[6] Di masing-masing batas kota terdapat gapura keraton yang didirikan sekitar tahun 1931 – 1932 pada masa pemerintahan Pakubuwono X di Kasunanan Surakarta. Gapura Kraton didirikan sebagai pembatas sekaligus pintu gerbang masuk ibu kota Kerajaan Kasunanan (Kota Solo) dengan wilayah sekitar. Gapura Kraton tidak hanya didirikan di jalan penghubung, namun juga didirikan di pinggir sungai Bengawan Solo yang pada waktu itu menjadi dermaga dan tempat penyeberangan (di Mojo / Silir). </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Ukuran Gapura Kraton terdiri dari dua ukuran yaitu berukuran besar dan kecil. Gapura Kraton ukuran besar didirikan di jalan besar. Gapura Kraton ukuran besar bisa dilihat di Grogol (selatan), Kerten, dan Jurug (timur). Sedangkan Gapura Kraton ukuran kecil bisa dilihat di daerah RS Kandang Sapi (utara), jalan arah Baki di Solo Baru (selatan), Makamhaji (barat), dan di Mojo / Silir. Gapura Kraton besar juga memiliki prasasti pendiri dan waktu pendirian gapura </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Kota Surakarta dan kabupaten-kabupaten di sekelilingnya, Karanganyar, Sukowati, Wonogiri, Sukoharjo, Klaten, Boyolali, secara kolektif masih sering disebut sebagai eks-Karesidenan Surakarta. Surakarta dibagi menjadi 5 kecamatan yang masing-masing dipimpin oleh seorang camat dan 51 kelurahan yang masing-masing dipimpin oleh seorang lurah. Kelima kecamatan di Surakarta adalah: </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Kecamatan Pasar Kliwon (57110): 9 kelurahan </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Kecamatan Jebres (57120): 11 kelurahan </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Kecamatan Banjarsari (57130): 13 kelurahan </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Kecamatan Lawiyan (disebut juga Laweyan, 57140): 11 keluarhan </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Kecamatan Serengan (57150): 7 kelurahan </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Surakarta dan kota-kota satelitnya (Kartasura, Solo Baru, Palur, Colomadu, Baki, Ngemplak) adalah kawasan yang saling berintegrasi satu sama lain. Kawasan Solo Raya ini unik karena dengan luas kota Surakarta sendiri yang hanya 44 km persegi dan dikelilingi kota-kota penyangganya yang masing-masing luasnya kurang lebih setengah dari luas kota Surakarta dan berbatasan langsung membentuk satu kesatuan kawasan kota besar yang terpusat. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Solo Baru (Soba) merupakan kawasan yang dimekarkan dari kota Solo. Solo baru selain sebagai salah satu kota satelit dari Kota Surakarta juga merupakan kawasan pemukiman bagi para pekerja atau pelaku kegiatan ekonomi di kawasan Kota Surakarta. Di Solo Baru banyak terdapat perumahan sedang dan mewah, maka dari itu Solo Baru juga merupakan kawasan pemukiman elit. Di Solo Baru juga terdapat pasar swalayan Carrefour. Pandawa waterboom yang merupakan waterboom terbesar di Jawa Tengah dan Yogyakarta terdapat di kawasan ini. Meskipun termasuk dalam wilayah Kabupaten Sukoharjo tetapi secara ekonomi dan politis Solo Baru lebih dekat ke Kota Surakarta, karena letak wilayah kotanya yang langsung berbatasan dengan Kota Surakarta, bahkan pernah ada wacana tentang penggabungan wilayah wilayah kota satelit di sekitar Surakarta termasuk Solo Baru untuk dimasukkan ke dalam wilayahnya. Luas wilayah Kota Surakarta beserta wilayah-wilayah kota penyangganya saat ini sekitar 150 km² dengan jumlah penduduknya sekitar 1 juta jiwa. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">PEMERINTAHAN </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Surakarta terletak di provinsi Jawa Tengah. Sebelum bergabung dengan Indonesia, Surakarta diperintah oleh sultan. Semasa dikuasai oleh Belanda, Surakarta dikenal sebagai sebuah Vorstenland atau kepangeranan. Penguasa keraton Surakarta saat ini bergelar Pakubuwono XIII, yang saat ini masih diperebutkan antara Pangeran Tedjowulan dan Pangeran Hangabehi. Selain keraton Surakarta, terdapat pula keraton Mangkunegaran yang diperintah oleh Mangkunegara IX. Kedua raja ini tidak memiliki kekuasaan politik di Surakarta. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Tanggal 16 Juni merupakan hari jadi Pemerintahan Kota Surakarta. Secara de facto tanggal 16 Juni 1946 terbentuk Pemerintah Daerah Kota Surakarta yang berhak mengatur dan mengurus rumah tangganya sendiri, sekaligus menghapus kekuasaan Kerajaan Kasunanan dan Mangkunegaran. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Secara yuridis Kota Surakarta terbentuk berdasarkan Penetapan Pemerintah tahun 1946 Nomor 16/SD, yang diumumkan pada tanggal 15 Juli. Dengan berbagai pertimbangan faktor-faktor historis sebelumnya, tanggal 16 Juni 1946 ditetapkan sebagai hari jadi Pemerintah Kota Surakarta. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Wali kota Surakarta saat ini adalah Ir. Joko Widodo, sedangkan wakilnya adalah F.X. Hadi Rudyatmo. Pasangan wali kota dan wakil wali kota ini, yang sering disebut sebagai Jokowi-Rudy, pertama kali terpilih sebagai walikota Solo untuk masa bakti 2005-2010. Kemudian pasangan dari PDI-P ini terpilih lagi untuk masa bakti kedua dengan perolehan suara lebih dari 90% untuk masa jabatan 2010-2015. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Di bawah kepemimpinan Jokowi dan Rudy, Solo mengalami perubahan yang pesat. Para pedagang barang bekas di Taman Banjarsari dapat direlokasi hampir tanpa gejolak untuk merevitalisasi fungsi lahan hijau terbuka. Investor diberi syarat untuk mau memikirkan kepentingan publik. Komunikasi langsung rutin dan terbuka (disiarkan oleh televisi lokal) diadakan secara rutin dengan masyarakat. Taman Balekambang, yang terlantar semenjak ditinggalkan oleh pengelolanya, dijadikannya taman. Sebagai tindak lanjut branding, Jokowi mengajukan Surakarta untuk menjadi anggota Organisasi Kota-kota Warisan Dunia dan diterima pada tahun 2006. Langkahnya berlanjut dengan keberhasilan Surakarta menjadi tuan rumah konferensi organisasi tersebut pada bulan Oktober 2008 ini. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Oleh Majalah Tempo, Joko Widodo terpilih menjadi salah satu dari "10 Tokoh 2008" </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Surakarta memiliki semboyan "Berseri", akronim dari "Bersih, Sehat, Rapi, dan Indah", sebagai slogan pemeliharaan keindahan kota. Untuk kepentingan pemasaran pariwisata, Solo mengambil slogan pariwisata Solo, The Spirit of Java (Jiwanya Jawa) sebagai upaya pencitraan kota Solo sebagai pusat kebudayaan Jawa. Selain itu Kota Solo juga memiliki beberapa julukan, antara lain Kota Batik, Kota Budaya, Kota Liwet. Penduduk Solo disebut sebagai wong Solo, dan istilah putri Solo juga banyak digunakan untuk menyebut wanita yang memiliki karakteristik mirip wanita dari Solo. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Salah satu sensus paling awal yang dilakukan di wilayah Karesidenan Surakarta (Residentie Soerakarta) pada tahun 1885 mencatat terdapat 1.053.985 penduduk, termasuk 2.694 orang Eropa dan 7.543 orang Tionghoa. Wilayah seluas 5.677 km² tersebut memiliki kepadatan 186 penduduk/km². Ibukota karesidenan tersebut sendiri pada tahun 1880 memiliki 124.041 penduduk. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Jumlah penduduk kota Surakarta pada tahun 2010 adalah 503.421 jiwa, terdiri dari 270.721 laki-laki dan 281.821 wanita, yang tersebar di lima kecamatan yang meliputi 51 kelurahan dengan daerah seluas 44,1 km2. Perbandingan kelaminnya 96,06% yang berarti setiap 100 orang wanita terdapat 96 orang laki-laki. Angka ketergantungan penduduknya sebesar 66%. Catatan dari tahun 1880 memberikan cacah penduduk 124.041 jiwa. Pertumbuhan penduduk dalam kurung 10 tahun terakhir berkisar 0,565 % per tahun. Tingkat kepadatan penduduk di Surakarta adalah 11.370 jiwa/km2, yang merupakan kepadatan tertinggi di Jawa Tengah (kepadatan Jawa Tengah hanya 992 jiwa/km2). </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Jika dibandingkan dengan kota lain di Indonesia, kota Surakarta merupakan kota terpadat di Jawa Tengah dan ke-8 terpadat di Indonesia, dengan luas wilayah ke-13 terkecil, dan populasi terbanyak ke-22 dari 93 kota otonom dan 5 kota administratif di Indonesia. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Kecamatan terpadat di Solo adalah Pasar Kliwon, yang luasnya hanya sepersepuluh luas keseluruhan Solo, sedangkan Laweyan merupakan kecamatan dengan kepadatan terendah. Laju pertumbuhan penduduk Solo selama 2000-2010 adalah 0,25%, jauh di bawah laju pertumbuhan penduduk Jawa Tengah sebesar 0,46%. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Jika wilayah penyangga Surakarta juga digabungkan secara keseluruhan (Solo Raya: Surakarta, Kartasura, Colomadu, Baki, Grogol, Palur), maka luasnya adalah 130 km². Penduduknya lebih dari 800.000 jiwa </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">PENDIDIKAN </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Menurut Data Pokok Pendidikan (Dapodik) pada tahun ajaran 2010/2011 terdapat 68.153 siswa dan 853 sekolah di Surakarta. Di Solo terdapat dua universitas negeri, yaitu Universitas Sebelas Maret (UNS) dan Institut Seni Indonesia Surakarta (ISI). Selain itu terdapat 52 universitas swasta lainnya </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">PEREKONOMIAN DAN PERDAGANGAN </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Industri batik menjadi salah satu industri khas Solo. Sentra kerajinan batik dan perdagangan batik antara lain di Laweyan dan Kauman. Pasar Klewer serta beberapa pasar batik tradisional lain menjadi salah satu pusat perdagangan batik di Indonesia. Perdagangan di Solo berada di bawah naungan Dinas Industri dan Perdagangan. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Selain Pasar Klewer, Solo juga memiliki banyak pasar tradisional, di antaranya Pasar Gedhe (Pasar Besar), Pasar Legi, dan Pasar Kembang. Pasar-pasar tradisional yang lain menggunakan nama-nama dalam bahasa Jawa, antara lain nama pasaran (hari) dalam bahasa Jawa: Pasar Pon, Pasar Legi, sementara Pasar Kliwon saat ini menjadi nama kecamatan dan nama pasarnya sendiri berubah menjadi Pasar Sangkrah. Selain itu ada pula pasar barang antik yang menjadi tujuan wisata, yaitu Pasar Triwindu (setiap Sabtu malam diubah menjadi Pasar Ngarsopuro) serta Pasar Keris dan Cenderamata Alun-Alun Utara Keraton Solo. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Pusat bisnis kota Solo terletak di sepanjang jalan Slamet Riyadi. Beberapa bank, hotel, pusat perbelanjaan, restoran internasional, hingga tujuan wisata dan hiburan terletak di sepanjang jalan protokol ini. Pada hari minggu pagi, jalanan Slamet Riyadi khusus ditutup untuk kendaraan bermotor (Solo Car Free Day) sebagai bagian dari tekad pemda untuk mengurangi polusi. Beberapa mal modern di Solo antara lain Solo Square, Solo Grand Mall (SGM), Solo Paragon, Solo Center Point (SCP), Singosaren Plaza, Megaland Solo, Luwes. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Solo memiliki beberapa pabrik yang mempekerjakan karyawan dalam jumlah yang besar antara lain Sritex dan Konimex. Selain itu masih ada banyak pabrik-pabrik lain di zona industri Palur. Industri batik juga menjadi salah satu industri khas Solo. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Bangunan ibadah bersejarah di Surakarta beragam, yang mencerminkan keberagaman kepercayaan yang dianut oleh masyarakat Solo, mulai dari masjid terbesar dan paling sakral yang terletak di bagian barat kota Surakarta, yaitu Masjid Agung Surakarta yang dibangun sekitar tahun 1727 atas prakarsa dari Paku Buwono X, Masjid Mangkunegaran, masjid tertua di Solo, Masjid Laweyan, Gereja St. Petrus di Jl. Slamet Riyadi, Gereja St. Antonius Purbayan, hingga Tempat Ibadah Tri Dharma Tien Kok Sie, Vihara Am Po Kian, dan Sahasra Adhi Pura. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Selain dihuni oleh suku Jawa, ada banyak pula penduduk beretnis Tionghoa, dan Arab yang tinggal di Surakarta. Walaupun tidak ada data pasti berapa jumlah masing-masing kepercayaan maupun etnis penduduk dalam sensus terakhir (2010), namun mereka banyak membaur di tengah-tengah warga Solo pada umumnya. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Perkampungan Arab menempati tiga wilayah kelurahan, yaitu Kelurahan Pasar Kliwon, Semanggi dan Kedung Lumbu di Kecamatan Pasar Kliwon Penempatan kampung Arab secara berkelompok tersebut sudah diatur sejak jaman dulu untuk mempermudah pengurusan bagi etnis asing di Surakarta dan demi terwujudnya ketertiban dan keamanan. Etnis Arab mulai datang di Pasar Kliwon diperkirakan sejak abad ke-19. Terbentuknya perkampungan di Pasar Kliwon, selain disebabkan oleh adanya politik pemukiman di masa kerajaan, juga tidak terlepas dari kebijakan pemerintah kolonial. Warto dalam penelitiannya menyebutkan pada tahun 1984, jumlah keturunan Arab adalah 1.877 jiwa, sementara jumlah keturunan Cina adalah 103 jiwa. Berdasarkan data monografi kelurahan Pasar Kliwon tahun 2005, menyebutkan bahwa jumlah keturunan Arab adalah 1.775 jiwa, sedangkan keturunan Cina adalah 135 jiwa. Dari data tersebut dapat dilihat adanya penurunan jumlah penduduk keturunan Arab di Pasar Kliwon. Hal ini disebabkan karena lahan di kelurahan Pasar Kliwon semakin sempit sehingga terjadi perpindahan di daerah lain. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Sementara itu perkampungan Tionghoa banyak terfokus di wilayah Balong, Coyudan, dan Keprabon. Hal ini dapat dilihat dengan adanya bangunan-bangunan kelenteng dan tempat ibadah, seperti Kelenteng Tien Kok Sie. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">LAYANAN PUBLIK </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Beberapa rumah sakit bersejarah antara lain RS Kadipolo dan Rumah Sakit Panti Kosala (Kandang Sapi). Sementara rumah sakit lain dengan fasilitas UGD 24 jam antara lain RSUD Moewardi, RS PKU Muhammadiyah, RS Islam Surakarta (Yarsis), RS Kustati, RS Kasih Ibu, RS Panti Waluyo, RS Brayat Minulyo, dan RS Dr. Oen Solo Baru. RS Ortopedi Dr. Soeharso adalah salah satu pusat ortopedi terkemuka di Indonesia yang pernah menjadi pusat rujukan tulang nasional. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Solo juga memiliki beberapa taman, antara lain Taman Balekambang, Taman Tirtonadi, Taman Sekartaji, Taman Sriwedari, yang juga merangkap sebagai tempat hiburan, tempat pagelaran musik dangdut dan wayang orang, tepatnya di Gedung Wayang Orang Sriwedari. Tempat ini menyajikan seni pertunjukan daerah wayang orang yang menyajikan cerita wayang berdasarkan pada cerita Ramayana dan Mahabarata. Pada kesempatan tertentu juga digelar cerita-cerita wayang orang gabungan antara wayang orang sriwedari dengan wayang orang RRI Surakarta dan bahkan dengan seniman-seniman wayang orang Jakarta, Semarang, ataupun Surabaya. Tempat hiburan umum lainnya adalah Kebun Binatang Jurug (Taman Satwataru Jurug), yaitu salah satu dari kebun binatang terbesar dan tertua di Indonesia. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Tempat pemakaman umum di Surakarta antara lain adalah TPU Purwoloyo, TPU Utoroloyo, TMP Kusuma Bakti, TPU Pucang Sawit, dan pemakaman Tionghoa yang terletak di kecamatan Jebres, TPU Bonoloyo, Astana Utara Nayu, dan Astana Bibis Luhur yang terletak di kecamatan Banjarsari, TPU Pracimoloyo maupun TPU Daksinoloyo di perbatasan Kabupaten Sukoharjo. Karena jumlah lahannya yang terbatas, saat ini banyak anggota masyarakat yang memilih untuk menguburkan orang yang sudah meninggal di pemakaman-pemakaman yang terletak di luar batas kota Solo, misalnya pemakaman Kristen di Jeruksawit, Karanganyar, kompleks pemakaman Delingan di Karangpandan, Karanganyar, dll. Khusus bagi raja-raja keraton Surakarta, bagi raja yang meninggal akan dimakamkan di pemakaman hereditas di Makam Imogiri di puncak sebuah bukit 12 km di sebelah selatan Yogjakarta. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Kode area untuk kota Solo adalah 271. Telepon umum koin/kartu jarang dijumpai, sebagai gantinya, beberapa wartel tersebar di berbagai sudut kota. Selain itu mereka juga biasanya menjual pulsa prabayar. Warnet juga banyak dijumpai di berbagai tempat, sedangkan beberapa tempat sudah mulai menyediakan fasilitas Wi-Fi untuk para pengunjungnya. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">OLAH RAGA </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Kota Solo memiliki sejarah olahraga yang cukup lama. Tahun 1923 di Solo telah terbentuk klub sepak bola, salah satu klub yang pertama di Indonesia yang kala itu masih bernama Hindia Belanda, yang bernama Persis Solo. Persis Solo adalah raksasa sepak bola di Hindia Belanda yang masih eksis hingga saat ini, Persis pernah menjuarai kompetisi Perserikatan sebanyak 7 kali dan saat ini bermain di Divisi Utama Liga Indonesia. Selain Persis Solo, tercatat beberapa klub sepak bola lain pernah hadir di Solo, antara lain Arseto Solo, Pelita Solo, Persijatim Solo FC, dan terakhir adalah kontestan Liga Primer Indonesia, Solo FC yang baru terbentuk pada tahun 2010. Kedua tim sepak bola yang masih eksis saat ini, yaitu Persis Solo dan Solo FC, bermarkas di Stadion Manahan, sebuah stadion tipe Stadion Madya Olimpiade kategori B+ dan salah satu stadion terbaik di Jawa Tengah yang pernah beberapa kali menjadi tempat penyelenggaraan even olahraga tingkat nasional dan internasional. Di stadion yang memiliki kapasitas 25.000 penonton ini antara lain pernah menjadi tempat pertandingan Liga Champions AFC 2007 karena Persik tidak punya stadion kandang memadai, final Piala Indonesia 2010, dan pembukaan Liga Primer Indonesia musim pertama pada 15 Januari 2011. Jika awalnya Manahan merupakan tanah lapang tempat olah raga memanah, stadion ini beberapa kali berubah fungsinya, mulai dari tempat balapan kuda (dengan kandang-kandang kuda di kampung Kestalan dan Setabelan, serta di kompleks keraton), hingga saat ini difungsikan sebagai lapangan sepak bola dan ketika malam hari dan hari Minggu berubah menjadi kawasan sosial bagi warga kota Solo. Kebudayaan serta olahraga memanah dan pacuan kuda sendiri saat ini sudah sangat jarang ditemukan di kota Solo. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Pada tahun 1948, Solo juga dipercaya untuk menyelenggarakan Pekan Olahraga Nasional yang pertama, yang tanggal pembukaannya masih diperingati sebagai Hari Olahraga Nasional. Pada kejuaraan itu, Solo yang berlaga mewakili Karesidenan Surakarta berhasil merebut gelar juara umum. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Sedangkan hingga tahun 2009, Solo juga memiliki satu-satunya klub basket profesional di Jawa Tengah, yaitu Bhinneka Solo. Beberapa gelanggang olah raga di kota Solo antara lain Stadion Manahan dan Stadion Sriwedari untuk olahraga sepak bola dan GOR Bhinneka, yang kini berganti nama menjadi Stadion Sritex. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">TRANSPORTASI </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Kota Surakarta terletak di pertemuan antara jalur selatan Jawa dan jalur Semarang-Madiun, yang menjadikan posisinya yang strategis sebagai kota transit. Jalur kereta api dari jalur utara dan jalur selatan Jawa juga terhubung di kota ini. Saat ini sebuah jalan tol – Jalan Tol Semarang-Solo – yang menghubungkan ke Semarang sedang dalam proses pembangunan. Solo juga merupakan kota yang terkurung daratan, sehingga tidak memiliki moda transportasi air. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Taksi adalah salah satu moda transportasi yang sering dijumpai. Dari bandara, turis dapat memesan tiket dengan menyebutkan tujuannya dan membayar ongkos taksi di muka. Beberapa jasa pelayanan taksi antara lain Aravia (636468), Central (728728), Kosti (664504), Mahkota Ratu (655666). Sementara itu beberapa persewaan mobil juga dapat ditemu di bandara. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Jasa transportasi tradisional yang terkenal lainnya adalah becak, yang dikayuh dengan tenaga manusia. Angkutan umum dalam kota yang lain mencakup bus kota, angkot, dan andong. Selain itu pada tahun 2010 diluncurkan angkutan umum massal Batik Solo Trans. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Terminal bus besar kota ini bernama Terminal Tirtonadi yang beroperasi 24 jam karena merupakan jalur antara yang menghubungkan angkutan bus dari Jawa Timur (terutama Surabaya dan Banyuwangi) dan Jawa Barat (Bandung). Selain Tirtonadi, terdapat pula dua terminal untuk angkutan lokal: Terminal Harjodaksino di sisi selatan kota (dulu merupakan terminal bus antarkota) dan Terminal Tipes di sisi barat kota. Selain itu, dua terminal penunjang terdapat pula di sekitar kota namun berada di luar pengelolaan pemerintah kota, yaitu Terminal Kartasura di barat, yang terhubung ke Jakarta dan Surabaya, dan Terminal Palur di timur kota. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Stasiun kereta api utama bernama Stasiun Solo Balapan yang merupakan salah satu stasiun besar tertua di Indonesia (dibangun 1873) yang menghubungkan Yogyakarta (barat), Semarang (utara), dan Surabaya (timur), dan terletak berdekatan dengan terminal bus Tirtonadi, suatu hal yang jarang dijumpai di Indonesia. Hubungan perjalanan dari setasiun ini cukup baik, mencakup semua kota besar di Jawa secara langsung dan hampir dalam semua kelas. Di Kota Surakarta juga terdapat tiga stasiun kereta api lain. Stasiun Solo Jebres dipakai sebagai stasiun perhentian untuk kereta-kereta api kelas ekonomi atau kereta api relasi Semarang-Madiun. Stasiun Solo-Kota (Sangkrah) merupakan stasiun perhentian untuk jalur KA Purwosari-Wonogiri. Stasiun Purwosari di tepi barat kota merupakan stasiun cabang menuju Wonogiri (selatan). Dulu Purwosari juga merupakan stasiun pemberhentian untuk jurusan Boyolali (barat). Kereta api ekspres ke Jakarta memakan waktu tempuh 10 jam, sementara kereta api ekspres ke Surabaya memakan waktu tempuh 5 jam. Kereta api ekspres yang melalui Solo antara lain: Argo Lawu, Argo Dwipangga, Bima dan Gajayana (dari/ke Jakarta, dengan AC), Argo Wilis dan Lodaya (dari/ke Bandung), Argo Wilis dan Sancaka (dari/ke Surabaya). Kereta bisnis malam Senja Utama Solo juga melayani transportasi dari/ke Jakarta. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Selain itu transportasi Solo juga memiliki keunikan tersendiri karena merupakan satu-satunya kota di Indonesia yang memiliki rel kereta api yang paralel dengan jalan raya, tepatnya di sepanjang jalan protokol Slamet Riyadi. Di jalur ini terdapat rel Kereta api Feeder Wonogiri yang saat ini dialihfungsikan sebagai kereta api wisata Sepur Kluthuk Jaladara yang berhenti di Loji Gandrung (kantor wali kota Solo) dan Kampung Batik Kauman. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Surakarta memiliki bandar udara internasional Adisumarmo (kode SOC, dulu bernama "Panasan", terletak 14 kilometer di sebelah utara kota Solo. Secara administratif banda udara ini terletak di luar batas kota Solo, tepatnya di perbatasan Kabupaten Karanganyar dan Boyolali. Bandara ini terhubung ke Jakarta (8 penerbangan sehari), Kuala Lumpur, dan Singapura, serta Arab Saudi (pada musim haji). Waktu tempuh perjalanan udara dengan Jakarta berlangsung sekitar satu jam. Beberapa operator penerbangan yang melayani rute dari/ke kota Solo antara lain Garuda Indonesia, Sriwijaya Air, Lion Air, Batavia Air,Air Asia, Silk Air, dll. Bandara Adisumarmo juga menjadi pusat pemberangkatan dan penerimaan haji dari Asrama Haji Donohudan Boyolali Indonesia. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">PARIWISATA KOTA SOLO </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Solo juga dikenal sebagai daerah tujuan wisata yang biasa didatangi oleh wisatawan dari kota-kota besar. Biasanya wisatawan yang berlibur ke Yogyakarta dan candi Borobudur/Prambanan juga akan singgah di Solo, atau sebaliknya. Tujuan wisata utama kota Solo adalah Keraton Surakarta, Keraton Mangkunegaran, dan pasar-pasar tradisionalnya. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Di Solo terdapat beberapa citywalk yang ditujukan untuk pejalan kaki dan pengendara sepeda, antara lain di koridor Ngarsopuro, di sepanjang jalan Slamet Riyadi sepanjang 6-7 km dan selebar 3 m, dan di sepanjang jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan. Tempat-tempat yang ditunjuk sebagai citywalk tidak boleh dilalui oleh kendaraan bermotor. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Wisata-wisata alam di sekitar Solo antara lain Tawangmangu (berada di timur kota Solo, di Karanganyar), kawasan wisata Selo (berada di barat kota Solo, di Boyolali), agrowisata kebun teh Kemuning, Air Terjun Jumog, Grojogan Sewu, dan lain-lain. Selain itu di Kabupaten Karanganyar, tepatnya di lereng Gunung Lawu, terdapat beberapa candi peninggalan kebudayaan Hindu-Buddha, seperti Candi Sukuh, Candi Cetho, Candi Monyet, dll. Selain itu tidak jauh dari Solo juga dapat ditemui Candi Borobudur, Candi Prambanan, Candi Ratu Boko, Candi Kalasan, dan di Yogyakarta terdapat Candi Sambisari, Candi Kalasan, dan Candi Sari. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Setiap tahun pada tanggal-tanggal tertentu Keraton Surakarta mengadakan berbagai macam perayaan yang menarik. Perayaan tersebut pelaksanaannya berdasarkan pada penanggalan Jawa. Perayaan-perayaan tersebut antara lain: </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">KIRAB PUSAKA 1 SURO </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Acara ini diselenggarakan oleh Keraton Surakarta dan Puro Mangkunegaran pada malam hari menjelang tanggal 1 Suro. Acara ini ditujukan untuk merayakan tahun baru Jawa 1 Suro. Rute yang ditempuh kurang lebih sejauh 3 km yaitu Keraton - Alun-alun Utara - Gladak - Jl. Mayor Kusmanto - Jl. Kapten Mulyadi - Jl. Veteran - Jl. Yos Sudarso - Jl. Slamet Riyadi - Gladak kemudian kembali ke Keraton lagi. Pusaka- pusaka yang memiliki daya magis tersebut dibawa oleh para abdi dalem yang berbusana Jawi Jangkep. Kirap yang berada di depan adalah sekelompok Kebo Bule bernama Kyai Slamet sedangkan barisan para pembawa pusaka berada di belakangnya. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">SEKATEN </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Sekaten diadakan setiap bulan Mulud untuk memperingati kelahiran Nabi Muhammad SAW. Pada tanggal 12 Mulud diselenggarakan Grebeg Mulud. Kemudian diadakan pesta rakyat selama dua minggu. selama dua minggu ini pesta rakyat diadakan di Alun-alun utara. Pesta rakyat menyajikan pasar malam, arena permainan anak dan pertunjukan-pertunjukan seni dan akrobat. Pada hari terakhir Sekaten, diadakan kembali acara Grebeg di Alun-alun Utara. Upacara Sekaten diadakan pertama kali pada masa pemerintahan Kerajaan Demak. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">GREBEG SUDIRO </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Grebeg Sudiro diadakan untuk memperingati Tahun Baru Imlek dengan perpaduan budaya Tionghoa-Jawa. Festival yang dimulai sejak 2007 ini biasa dipusatkan di daerah Pasar Gedhe dan Balong (di kelurahan Sudiroprajan) dan Balai Kota Solo.[32] </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Grebeg Mulud </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Diadakan setiap tanggal 12 Mulud untuk memperingati hari Maulud Nabi Muhammad SAW. Grebeg Mulud merupakan bagian dari perayaan Sekaten. Dalam upacara ini para abdi dalem dengan berbusana "Jawi Jangkep Sowan Keraton" mengarak Gunungan ( Pareden ) dari Keraton Surakarta ke Masjid Agung Surakarta. Gunungan terbuat dari berbagai macam sayuran dan penganan tradisional. Setelah didoakan oleh Ngulamadalem (Ulama Keraton), satu buah Gunungan kemudian akan diperebutkan oleh masyarakat pengunjung dan satu buah lagi dibawa kembali ke Keraton untuk dibagikan kepada para abdi dalem. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">TINGGALAN DALEM JUMENENGAN </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Diadakan setiap tanggal 2 Ruwah untuk memperingati hari ulang tahun penobatan raja. Dalam acara ini sang raja duduk diatas dampar di Pendopo Agung Sasanasewaka dengan dihadap oleh para abdi dalem keraton sambil menyaksikan tari sakral " Tari Bedoyo Ketawang " yang ditarikan oleh 9 remaja putri yang belum menikah. Para penari terdiri dari para wayahdalem, santanadalem atau kerabat dalem lainnya atau dapat juga penari umum yang memenuhi persyaratan-persyaratan yang telah ditentukan. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">GREBEG PASA </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Grebek ini diadakan untuk merayakan hari Raya Idul Fitri 1 Syawal. Acara ini berlangsung setelah melakukan sholat Ied. Prosesi acaranya sama dengan Grebeg Mulud yaitu para abdi dalem mengarak Gunungan dari Keraton ke Mesjid Agung untuk didoakan oleh ulama keraton kemudian dibagikan kepada masyarakat pengunjung. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">SYAWALAN </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Syawalan mulai diadakan satu hari setelah hari Raya Idul Fitri dan berlangsung di Taman Satwa Taru Jurug di tepi Bengawan Solo. Pada puncak acara yaitu "Larung Getek Jaka Tingkir" diadakan pembagian ketupat pada masyarakat pengunjung. Pada acara syawalan juga diadakan berbagai macam pertunjukan kesenian tradisional. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">GREBEG BESAR </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Berlangsung pada hari Idul Adha (tanggal 10 Besar). Upacara sama dengan prosesi Gunungan pada Grebeg Pasa dan Grebeg Mulud. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">SOLO BATIK CARNIVAL </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Karnaval Batik Solo atau Solo Batik Carnival adalah sebuah even tahunan yang diadakan oleh pemerintah Kota Surakarta dengan menggunakan batik sebagai bahan utama pembuatan kostum. Para peserta karnaval akan membuat kostum karnaval dengan tema-tema yang di tentukan. Para peserta akan mengenakan kostumnya sendiri dan berjalan di atas catwalk yang berada di jalan Slamet Riyadi. Karnaval ini diadakan setiap tahun pada bulan Juni sejak tahun 2008. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">WISATA KULINER </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Solo terkenal dengan banyaknya jajanan kuliner tradisional. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Beberapa makanan khas Surakarta antara lain: </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">nasi liwet, </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">nasi timlo (racikan soun, jamur kuping, wortel, kacang kapri, kembang gayam / sosis jawa dan terakhir disiram kuah timlo), </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">nasi gudeg (lebih manis daripada gudeg Yogyakarta), </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">nasi gudeg cakar (gudeg dengan cakar ayam), </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">pecel ndesa (bayam, kacang panjang, tauge dan kenikir yang direbus dan ditambah bumbu kacang dan disantap dengan nasi merah), </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">cabuk rambak (ketupat yang diiris tipis-tipis dan diberi bumbu di atas setiap potongan ketupatnya kemudian ditambah karak sebagai pelengkap), </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">bestik Solo (bestik namun dengan kuah serupa dengan kuah semur, dan mengandung mustard jawa yang diolah sendiri), </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">selat Solo, </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">bakso Solo, </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">srabi Solo, </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">intip, </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">tengkleng, </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">bakpia </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Balong, </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">roti mandarin toko kue Orion, </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">sate buntel (sate daging kambing yang dagingnya dicincang dan dibuat satu adonan besar lalu dimasak), </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">sate kere (bahannya bukan berasal dari daging namun dari tempe gembus, yaitu ampas tahu yang direbus) </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Beberapa minuman khas Surakarta antara lain: </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">wedang asle yaitu minuman hangat dengan nasi ketan, </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">wedang dawet gempol pleret (gempol terbuat dari sejenis tepung beras, sedangkan pleret terbuat dari ketan dan gula merah), </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">jamu beras kencur, yaitu jamu kesehatan yang berbeda dari jamu yang lain karena rasanya yang manis, dll. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Sementara itu, koridor Gladag setiap malam diubah menjadi pusat jajanan terbesar di Kota Solo dengan nama Galabo (Gladang Langen Bogan). </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">ARSITEKTUR DAN BANGUNAN SEJARAH </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">PASAR KLEWER </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Karena sejarahnya, terdapat banyak bangunan bersejarah di Surakarta, mulai dari bangunan ibadah, bangunan umum, keraton, hingga bangunan militer. Selain Keraton Surakarta (dibangun 1675) dan Pura Mangkunagaran (dibangun 1757), terdapat pula Benteng Vastenburg peninggalan Belanda, dan Loji Gandrung yang saat ini digunakan sebagai kediaman Walikota Surakarta. Sebelumnya, bangunan peninggalan Kolonial yang sampai saat ini masih utuh kondisinya ini selain digunakan sebagi tempat kediaman pejabat pemerintah Belanda, juga sering digunakan untuk dansa-dansi gaya Eropa dan bangsawan Jawa, sehingga disebut sebagai “Gandrung”. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Pada tahun 1997 telah didata 70 peninggalan sejarah di Solo yang meliputi tempat bersejarah, rumah tradisional, bangunan kolonial, tempat ibadah, pintu gerbang, monumen, furnitur jalan, dan taman kota. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Lansekap kota Solo juga dikenal karena tidak memiliki bangunan pencakar langit. Namun sejak 2010, di Solo terdapat sebuah apartemen pencakar langit, yaitu Solo Paragon. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">MUSEUM DAN PERPUSTAKAAN </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Museum batik yang terlengkap di Indonesia, yaitu House of Danar Hadi, dan museum tertua di Indonesia, yaitu Museum Radya Pustaka, terletak di jalan protokol Slamet Riyadi, Surakarta. Museum Radya Pustaka yang dibangun pada tanggal 28 Oktober 1980 oleh Kanjeng Adipati Sosrodiningrat IV, Pepatih Dalem pada masa pemerintahan Paku Buwono IX dan Paku Buwono X, memiliki artefak-artefak kuno kebudayaan Jawa dan bertempat di kompleks Taman Wisata Budaya Sriwedari. Selain itu ada pula Museum Keraton Surakarta (Museum Sasana Pustaka), Museum Pura Mangkunegaran (Museum Rekso Pustaka), Museum Pers, Museum Sangiran, dan Museum Lukis Dullah. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Selain museum, terdapat pula sebuah situs budaya bernama Balai Sudjatmoko. Bangunan ini adalah rumah Sudjatmoko yang di dalamnya masih bisa dilihat karya-karya dan peninggalan Sudjatmoko baik dalam bentuk buku, kaca mata, toga, dan foto-foto asli dokumenter koleksi pribadi keluarga Sudjatmoko. Balai Sudjatmoko difungsikan oleh pengelolanya sebagai pusat apresiasi baik pementasan, pertunjukan, pameran, bedah buku dan sarasehan. Para seniman juga diberi kesempatan luas untuk memanfaatkan Balai Sudjatmoko untuk melakukan apresiasi seni dalam bentuk pameran baik pameran lukisan, patung, kriya sampai dengan pameran pendidikan. Di samping itu, Balai ini juga dapat dijadikan sebagai alternatif wahana pembelajaran bagi orang non seni. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">BUDAYA </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Surakarta dikenal sebagai salah satu inti kebudayaan Jawa karena secara tradisional merupakan salah satu pusat politik dan pengembangan tradisi Jawa. Kemakmuran wilayah ini sejak abad ke-19 mendorong berkembangnya berbagai literatur berbahasa Jawa, tarian, seni boga, busana, arsitektur, dan bermacam-macam ekspresi budaya lainnya. Orang mengetahui adanya "persaingan" kultural antara Surakarta dan Yogyakarta, sehingga melahirkan apa yang dikenal sebagai "gaya Surakarta" dan "gaya Yogyakarta" di bidang busana, gerak tarian, seni tatah kulit (wayang), pengolahan batik, gamelan, dan sebagainya. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Solo memiliki beberapa tarian daerah seperti Bedhaya (Ketawang, Dorodasih, Sukoharjo, dll.) dan Srimpi (Gandakusuma dan Sangupati). Tarian ini masih dilestarikan di lingkungan Keraton Solo. Tarian seperti Bedhaya Ketawang secara resmi hanya ditarikan sekali dalam setahun untuk menghormati Sri Susuhunan Pakoe Boewono sebagai pemimpin Kota Surakarta. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">BATIK </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Batik adalah kain dengan corak tertentu yang dihasilkan dari bahan malam (wax) yang dituliskan di kain tersebut, meskipun kini sudah banyak kain batik yang dibuat dengan proses cetak. Solo memiliki banyak corak batik khas, seperti Sidomukti dan Sidoluruh. Beberapa usaha batik terkenal adalah Batik Keris, Batik Danarhadi, dan Batik Semar. Sementara untuk kalangan menengah dapat mengunjungi pusat perdagangan batik di kota ini berada di Pasar Klewer, Pusat Grosir Solo (PGS), Beteng Trade Center (BTC). Selain itu di kecamatan Laweyan juga terdapat Kampung batik Laweyan, yaitu kawasan sentra industri batik yang sudah ada sejak zaman kerajaan Pajang tahun 1546. Kampun batik lainnya yang terkenal untuk para turis adalah Kampung Batik Kauman. Produk-produk batik Kampung Kauman dibuat menggunakan bahan sutra alam dan sutra tenun, katun jenis premisima dan prima, rayon. Keunikan yang ditawarkan kepada para wisatawan adalah kemudahan transaksi sambil melihat-lihat rumah produksi tempat berlangsungnya kegiatan membatik. Artinya, pengunjung memiliki kesempatan luas untuk mengetahui secara langsung proses pembuatan batik bahkan untuk mencoba sendiri mempraktekkan kegiatan membatik. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Batik Solo memiliki ciri pengolahan yang khas: warna kecoklatan (sogan) yang mengisi ruang bebas warna, berbeda dari gaya Yogya yang ruang bebas warnanya lebih cerah. Pemilihan warna cenderung gelap, mengikuti kecenderungan batik pedalaman. Jenis bahan batik bermacam-macam, mulai dari sutra hingga katun, dan cara pengerjaannya pun beraneka macam, mulai dari batik tulis hingga batik cap. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Setiap tahunnya Solo juga mengadakan Karnaval Batik Solo dan mulai tahun 2010 pemerintah kota Solo mengoperasikan bus yang bercorak batik bernama Batik Solo Trans. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Sungai Bengawan Solo menjadi inspirasi dari lagu yang diciptakan oleh Gesang pada tahun 1940-an. Lagu ini menjadi populer di negara-negara di Asia. Selain itu, sungai ini pun telah menjadi judul tiga film, yaitu dua film berjudul "Bengawan Solo" tahun 1949 dan 1971, serta satu film berjudul Di Tepi Bengawan Solo (1951). Film-film lain yang mengambil tema Solo antara lain adalah: Putri Solo (1953) dan Bermalam di Solo (1962). </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">MEDIA </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Ada beberapa surat kabar yang beroperasi di daerah Solo, antara lain Solo Pos, Radar Solo (grup Jawapos), dan Joglosemar (surat kabar Jogja, Solo, Semarang). Selain itu ada pula puluhan stasiun radio di Solo dan sebuah televisi lokal yang beroperasi di Solo, yaitu TA TV (Terang Abadi Televisi). </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">TOKOH-TOKOH SOLO </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Tokoh-tokoh dari Solo meliputi Raja-raja Kasunanan dan Mangkunegaran, antara lain Mangkunegara I (Raden Mas Said atau Pangeran Sambernyawa), Mangkunegara IV, yang pada masa pemerintahannya membawa Mangkunegaran menuju puncak kejayaan, serta Pakubuwana VI, yang mendukung perjuangan Pangeran Diponegoro, dan Pakubuwana X. Pahlawan dari Solo antara lain: Albertus Soegijopranoto, Uskup Agung Semarang, Dr. Muwardi, Kiai Haji Samanhudi, pendiri Sarekat Dagang Islam, R. Maladi, Menteri Penerangan, Menteri Pemuda dan Olahraga, dan Ketua PSSI, Jenderal GPH Djatikusumo, Kepala Staf TNI Angkatan Darat yang pertama (1948-1949), Muljadi Djojomartono, Menteri Sosial dan tokoh Muhamaddiyah, Achmad Baiquni, ahli atom indonesia, Dr. Suharso, ahli ortopedi, Dr. Supomo, Menteri Hukum dan HAM, dan salah satu arsitek UUD 1945, Ir. Sedyatmo, pencipta struktur cakar ayam, Ir. Sutami, Menteri Pekerjaan Umum dan insinyur gedung DPR/MRP, dan Slamet Riyadi. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Dari bidang politik terdapat antara lain mantan ketua MPR Amien Rais dan Wiranto, sedangkan dari bidang seni dan sastra ada sederet tokoh, antara lain Basuki Abdullah, Gesang, Luluk Purwanto, Radjiman Wedyodiningrat, Rangga Warsita, Rendra, Teguh Srimulat, Waljinah, Yasadipura I, dan Yasadipura II. Dari bidang olahraga terdapat petenis Wynne Prakusya, pembalap Rio Haryanto, grandmaster Edhi Handoko, serta pebulutangkis Icuk Sugiarto, Rudy Gunawan, dan Bambang Suprianto.</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://istanalangit.com/wp-content/uploads/468-x-90-1.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="76" src="http://istanalangit.com/wp-content/uploads/468-x-90-1.gif" width="400" /></a></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div>Jabaltravhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16044589030739675329noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6216772907098364996.post-78654833171378636612011-06-17T22:55:00.000-07:002011-08-14T06:05:06.360-07:00Jimbaran Beach (Pantai jimbaran)<div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Jimbaran is a fishing village and tourist resort in Bali, Indonesia. Located just at the south of Ngurah Rai International Airport, the beach is cluttered with seafood restaurants and some of the finest luxury hotels in the world. Tourism in Jimbaran has increased rapidly that has boosted local economy It is administered under Kuta South District along with Nusa Dua peninsula. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg8gSavqsfAazq-N9h3vxHcs_547e6Okqay42Sm4gpxhja8QL4nQj_OgmFzabLeDw2zCW9iYRi85TBEhR1r-fWOUqaz1HKcZo1nA7S64Pr4Aj5IhGEi6YlGW6870l5o_SvK4dfPop4WSjg/s1600/jimbaran.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg8gSavqsfAazq-N9h3vxHcs_547e6Okqay42Sm4gpxhja8QL4nQj_OgmFzabLeDw2zCW9iYRi85TBEhR1r-fWOUqaz1HKcZo1nA7S64Pr4Aj5IhGEi6YlGW6870l5o_SvK4dfPop4WSjg/s320/jimbaran.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Jimbaran lies on the 'neck' of the southern peninsula in Bali and is widely known for the fresh seafood kiosks that are scattered along the beach. Diners select the live seafood that they wish to eat, and it is immediately prepared, generally grilled over a fire of coconut husks rather than charcoal. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">~ Istalastu ~ </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://istanalangit.com/wp-content/uploads/468-x-90-1.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="76" src="http://istanalangit.com/wp-content/uploads/468-x-90-1.gif" width="400" /></a></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Source : Wikipedia</span></div>Jabaltravhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16044589030739675329noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6216772907098364996.post-12307724204074335842011-06-17T22:52:00.000-07:002011-08-14T06:05:54.370-07:00Kuta Beach (Pantai Kuta)<div style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgTcy9XPniPMYkhrhGc95UB5T6-rztTE1Xwe32KuKMrbATsCjwmENG7mTwRxgshYL5VYnJIhzt589uUHQYV0cLsTPplIVUjxlsjKctajKzwR4bxSmJXIBU9a5VfRRGa5L73XCUr4e-8yo/s1600/kuta4.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="143" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgTcy9XPniPMYkhrhGc95UB5T6-rztTE1Xwe32KuKMrbATsCjwmENG7mTwRxgshYL5VYnJIhzt589uUHQYV0cLsTPplIVUjxlsjKctajKzwR4bxSmJXIBU9a5VfRRGa5L73XCUr4e-8yo/s200/kuta4.jpg" width="200" /></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Kuta is administratively a district (kecamatan) and subdistrict/village (kelurahan) in southern Bali, Indonesia. A former fishing village, it was one of the first towns on Bali to see substantial tourist development, and as a beach resort remains one of Indonesia's major tourist destinations. It is known internationally for its long sandy beach, varied accommodation, many restaurants and bars, and many renowned surfers who visit from Australia. It is located near Bali's Ngurah Rai Airport. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">The Balinese Provincial Government have taken the view that the preservation of the Balinese culture, natural resources and wildlife are of primary importance in the development of the island. To this end they have </span><br />
<a name='more'></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">limited tourist development to the peninsula on the extreme southern aspect of the island; Kuta beach is on the western side of this peninsula and Sanur is on the east. To the north of the peninsula no new tourist development is supposedly permitted. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">To the south, Kuta Beach extends beyond the airport into Jimbaran. Other nearby towns and villages include Seseh (6.4 nm), Denpasar (4.5 nm), Ujung (1.8 nm), Pesanggaran (2.0 nm), Kedunganan (2.9 nm) and Tuban (1.0 nm). </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Kuta District (Indonesian : Kecamatan Kuta) covers subdistricts/villages (Indonesian : Kelurahan/Desa) of Kuta Village, Legian, Seminyak, Kedonganan, and Tuban. Furthermore Badung Regency has 3 districts with the name Kuta: Kuta, Kuta South District Kecamatan Kuta Selatan(Jimbaran and the whole Nusa Dua peninsula), and Kuta North District Kecamatan Kuta Utara (villages of Kerobokan Klod, Kerobokan, Kerobokan Kaja, Tibu Beneng, Canggu and Dalung). </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Kuta is now the center of an extensive tourist-oriented urban area that merges into the neighboring towns. Legian, to the north, is the commercial hub of Kuta and the site of many restaurants and entertainment spots. Most of the area's big beachfront hotels are in the southern section of Tuban. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Legian and Seminyak are northern extensions of Kuta along Jl. Legian and Jl. Basangkasa. They are somewhat quieter suburbs with cottage-style accommodations, where many of the expat crowd live. Also to the north are Petitenget, Berawa, Canggu, and Seseh - new and quieter continuations of Kuta's beach. They are easy to reach through Abian Timbul or Denpasar and Kerobokan. Several large hotels are located in this area: the Oberoi Bali, Hard Rock Hotel Bali, the Intan Bali Village, the Legian in Petitenget, the Dewata Beach and the Bali Sani Suites in Berawa. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">1st Bali Bombing in 2002 at Kuta: A permanent memorial was built on the site of the destroyed Paddy's Pub on Legian Street. (A new bar, named "Paddy's: Reloaded", was reopened further along Legian Street). The memorial is made of intricately carved stone, set with a large marble plaque, which bears the names and nationalities of each of those killed. It is flanked by the national flags of the victims. The monument is well-maintained and illuminated at night. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">The memorial was dedicated on 12 October 2004, the second anniversary of the attack. The dedication included a Balinese Hindu ceremony and the opportunity for mourners to lay flowers and other offerings. The Australian ambassador and Indonesian officials attended the ceremony as most the victims were Australians. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">The Balinese mark their commitment in a nine-day long event. After major cleansing ceremonies, establishing a memorial for the lost lives, and paying respect to those who left loved ones behind, the people of Kuta look forward to restoring Bali’s image through an event named "Kuta Karnival - A Celebration of Life”. The community event consists of traditional art performances such as Balinese Sunset Dances, sports on the beach as well as in the water for young and old plus rows and rows of culinary displays along the one kilometre of sandy beach. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">In line with the return of tourism to Kuta, Kuta Karnival has grown into a tourism promotional event with major coverage from television and newspapers from across the globe. Companies, embassies, Non-Government Organizations, associations and even individuals come forth to get involved in the various events such as a Balinese dance competition presented by a surf-wear company, an environment exhibition presented by an embassy, a fun cycle presented by a group of individuals, a seminar presented by an association and a parade on the streets presented by an NGO. Tourists and locals alike, more than ninety thousand people participates in the numerous events, year after year. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">A repeated tragedy in Bali in 2005 did not reduce the Kuta community’s determination to carry out this annual event. Kuta Karnival is conducted to commemorate and give respect to the victims of human violence and show the world the true spirit of local community survival despite terrorism attacks. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">~ Istalastu ~ Source : Wikipedia</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://istanalangit.com/wp-content/uploads/468-x-90-1.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="76" src="http://istanalangit.com/wp-content/uploads/468-x-90-1.gif" width="400" /></a></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div>Jabaltravhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16044589030739675329noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6216772907098364996.post-710391460631124892011-06-17T22:49:00.000-07:002011-08-14T06:06:37.740-07:00Candi Borobudur (Borobudur Temple)<div style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVhAVPKtrUzERwC9pCCqPromIN_lYhfJjaeOM3vUNuNvLgNnpcJHQpCJBlGPBKAnwbiAoAjumHmMKTtvBm8s4rNahNxkL90xhP-N7ZL_hzZJ1D5on6yo857zZCx0sa0dOf3dnaMGSuapY/s1600/borobudur.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="131" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVhAVPKtrUzERwC9pCCqPromIN_lYhfJjaeOM3vUNuNvLgNnpcJHQpCJBlGPBKAnwbiAoAjumHmMKTtvBm8s4rNahNxkL90xhP-N7ZL_hzZJ1D5on6yo857zZCx0sa0dOf3dnaMGSuapY/s200/borobudur.jpg" width="200" /></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Borobudur is a ninth-century Mahayana Buddhist monument in Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia. The monument comprises six square platforms topped by three circular platforms, and is decorated with 2,672 relief panels and 504 Buddha statues. A main dome, located at the center of the top platform, is surrounded by 72 Buddha statues seated inside perforated stupa. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">The monument is both a shrine to the Lord Buddha and a place for Buddhist pilgrimage. The journey for pilgrims begins at the base of the monument and </span><br />
<a name='more'></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">follows a path circumambulating the monument while ascending to the top through the three levels of Buddhist cosmology, namely Kamadhatu (the world of desire), Rupadhatu (the world of forms) and Arupadhatu (the world of formlessness). During the journey the monument guides the pilgrims through a system of stairways and corridors with 1,460 narrative relief panels on the wall and the balustrades. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Evidence suggests Borobudur was abandoned following the fourteenth century decline of Buddhist and Hindu kingdoms in Java, and the Javanese conversion to Islam. Borobudur has since been preserved through several restorations. The largest restoration project was undertaken between 1975 and 1982 by the Indonesian government and UNESCO, following which the monument was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Borobudur is still used for pilgrimage; once a year Buddhists in Indonesia celebrate Vesak at the monument, and Borobudur is Indonesia's single most visited tourist attraction. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">in Indonesian, ancient temples are known as candi; thus "Borobudur Temple" is locally known as Candi Borobudur. The term candi is also used more loosely to describe any ancient structure, for example gates and bathing structures. The origins of the name Borobudur however are unclear, although the original names of most ancient Indonesian temples are no longer known. The name Borobudur was first written in Sir Thomas Raffles' book on Javan history. Raffles wrote about a monument called borobudur, but there are no older documents suggesting the same name. The only old Javanese manuscript that hints at the monument as a holy Buddhist sanctuary is Nagarakretagama, written by Mpu Prapanca in 1365. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">The name 'Bore-Budur', and thus 'BoroBudur', is thought to have been written by Raffles in English grammar to mean the nearby village of Bore; most candi are named after a nearby village. If it followed Javanese language, the monument should have been named 'BudurBoro'. Raffles also suggested that 'Budur' might correspond to the modern Javanese word Buda ('ancient') – i.e., 'ancient Boro'. However, another archaeologist suggests the second component of the name ('Budur') comes from Javanese term bhudhara (mountain). </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>LOCATION </b></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Approximately 40 kilometers (25 mi) northwest of Yogyakarta, Borobudur is located in an elevated area between two twin volcanoes, Sundoro-Sumbing and Merbabu-Merapi, and two rivers, the Progo and the Elo. According to local myth, the area known as Kedu Plain is a Javanese 'sacred' place and has been dubbed 'the garden of Java' due to its high agricultural fertility. Besides Borobudur, there are other Buddhist and Hindu temples in the area, including the Prambanan temples compound. During the restoration in the early 1900s, it was discovered that three Buddhist temples in the region, Borobudur, Pawon and Mendut, are lined in one straight line position. It might be accidental, but the temples' alignment is in conjunction with a native folk tale that a long time ago, there was a brick-paved road from Borobudur to Mendut with walls on both sides. The three temples (Borobudur–Pawon–Mendut) have similar architecture and ornamentation derived from the same time period, which suggests that ritual relationship between the three temples, in order to have formed a sacred unity, must have existed, although exact ritual process is yet unknown. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Unlike other temples, which were built on a flat surface, Borobudur was built on a bedrock hill, 265 m (869 ft) above sea level and 15 m (49 ft) above the floor of the dried-out paleolake. The lake's existence was the subject of intense discussion among archaeologists in the twentieth century; Borobudur was thought to have been built on a lake shore or even floated on a lake. In 1931, a Dutch artist and a scholar of Hindu and Buddhist architecture, W.O.J. Nieuwenkamp, developed a theory that Kedu Plain was once a lake and Borobudur initially represented a lotus flower floating on the lake. Lotus flowers are found in almost every Buddhist work of art, often serving as a throne for buddhas and base for stupas. The architecture of Borobudur itself suggests a lotus depiction, in which Buddha postures in Borobudur symbolize the Lotus Sutra, mostly found in many Mahayana Buddhism (a school of Buddhism widely spread in the east Asia region) texts. Three circular platforms on the top are also thought to represent a lotus leaf. Nieuwenkamp's theory, however, was contested by many archaeologists because the natural environment surrounding the monument is a dry land. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">There is no written record of who built Borobudur or of its intended purpose. The construction time has been estimated by comparison between carved reliefs on the temple's hidden foot and the inscriptions commonly used in royal charters during the eight and ninth centuries. Borobudur was likely founded around 800 AD. This corresponds to the period between 760–830 AD, the peak of the Sailendra dynasty in central Java, when it was under the influence of the Srivijayan Empire. The construction has been estimated to have taken 75 years and been completed during the reign of Samaratungga in 825. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Borobudur lay hidden for centuries under layers of volcanic ash and jungle growth. The facts behind its abandonment remain a mystery. It is not known when active use of the monument and Buddhist pilgrimage to it ceased. Somewhere between 928 and 1006, the center of power moved to East Java region and a series of volcanic eruptions took place; it is not certain whether the latter influenced the former but several sources mention this as the most likely period of abandonment. In 1873, the first monograph of the detailed study of Borobudur was published, followed by its French translation a year later. The first photograph of the monument was taken in 1873 by a Dutch-Flemish engraver, Isidore van Kinsbergen. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Following the major 1973 renovation funded by UNESCO, Borobudur is once again used as a place of worship and pilgrimage. Once a year, during the full moon in May or June, Buddhists in Indonesia observe Vesak (Indonesian : Waisak) day commemorating the birth, death, and the time when Siddhartha Gautama attained the highest wisdom to become the Buddha Shakyamuni. Vesak is an official national holiday in Indonesia and the ceremony is centered at the three Buddhist temples by walking from Mendut to Pawon and ending at Borobudur. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">The monument is the single most visited tourist attraction in Indonesia. In 1974, 260,000 tourists of whom 36,000 were foreigners visited the monument. The figure hiked into 2.5 million visitors annually (80% were domestic tourists) in the mid 1990s, before the country's economy crisis. Tourism development, however, has been criticized for not including the local community on which occasional local conflict has arisen. In 2003, residents and small businesses around Borobudur organized several meetings and poetry protests, objecting to a provincial government plan to build a three-story mall complex, dubbed the 'Java World'. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">On 28 August 2006 the Trail of Civilizations symposium was held in Borobudur under the auspices of the governor of Central Java and the Indonesian Ministry of Culture and Tourism, also present the representatives from UNESCO and predominantly Buddhist nations of Southeast Asia, such as Thailand, Myanmar, Laos, Vietnam and Cambodia. Climax of the event was the "Mahakarya Borobudur" ballet performance in front of the temple of Borobudur. It was choreographed to feature traditional Javanese dancing, music and costumes, and tell the history about the construction of the Borobudur. After the symposium, the Mahakarya Borobudur ballet is performed several times, especially during annual national Waisak commemoration at Borobudur attended by Indonesian President. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>ARCHITECTURE </b></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Borobudur is built as a single large stupa, and when viewed from above takes the form of a giant tantric Buddhist mandala, simultaneously representing the Buddhist cosmology and the nature of mind. The foundation is a square, approximately 118 meters (387 ft) on each side. It has nine platforms, of which the lower six are square and the upper three are circular. The upper platform features seventy-two small stupas surrounding one large central stupa. Each stupa is bell-shaped and pierced by numerous decorative openings. Statues of the Buddha sit inside the pierced enclosures. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Approximately 55,000 cubic metres (72,000 cu yd) of stones were taken from neighbouring rivers to build the monument. The stone was cut to size, transported to the site and laid without mortar. Knobs, indentations and dovetails were used to form joints between stones. Reliefs were created in-situ after the building had been completed. The monument is equipped with a good drainage system to cater for the area's high stormwater run-off. To avoid inundation, 100 spouts are provided at each corner with a unique carved gargoyles in the shape of giants or makaras. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Borobudur differs markedly with the general design of other structures built for this purpose. Instead of building on a flat surface, Borobudur is built on a natural hill. The building technique is, however, similar to other temples in Java. With no inner space as in other temples and its general design similar to the shape of pyramid. The complexity of the monument's meticulous design suggests Borobudur is in fact a temple. Congregational worship in Borobudur is performed by means of pilgrimage. Pilgrims were guided by the system of staircases and corridors ascending to the top platform. Each platform represents one stage of enlightenment. The path that guides pilgrims was designed with the symbolism of sacred knowledge according to the Buddhist cosmology. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">The main vertical structure can be divided into three groups: base (or foot), body, and top, which resembles the three major division of a human body. The monument's three divisions symbolize three stages of mental preparation towards the ultimate goal according to the Buddhist cosmology, namely Kamadhatu (the world of desires), Rupadhatu (the world of forms), and finally Arupadhatu (the formless world). Kamadhatu is represented by the base, Rupadhatu by the five square platforms (the body), and Arupadhatu by the three circular platforms and the large topmost stupa. The architectural features between three stages have metaphorical differences. For instance, square and detailed decorations in the Rupadhatu disappear into plain circular platforms in the Arupadhatu to represent how the world of forms – where men are still attached with forms and names – changes into the world of the formless. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">In 1885, a hidden structure under the base was accidentally discovered. The "hidden foot" contains reliefs, 160 of which are narrative describing the real Kamadhatu. The remaining reliefs are panels with short inscriptions that apparently describe instruction for the sculptors, illustrating the scene to be carved. The real base is hidden by an encasement base, the purpose of which remains a mystery. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Borobudur contains approximately 2,670 individual bas reliefs (1,460 narrative and 1,212 decorative panels), which cover the façades and balustrades. The total relief surface is 2,500 square meters (26,909.8 sq ft) and they are distributed at the hidden foot (Kamadhatu) and the five square platforms (Rupadhatu). </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">The narrative panels, which tell the story of Sudhana and Manohara, are grouped into 11 series encircled the monument with the total length of 3,000 meters (9,843 ft). The hidden foot contains the first series with 160 narrative panels and the remaining 10 series are distributed throughout walls and balustrades in four galleries starting from the eastern entrance stairway to the left. Narrative panels on the wall read from right to left, while on the balustrade read from left to right. This conforms with pradaksina, the ritual of circumambulation performed by pilgrims who move in a clockwise direction while keeping the sanctuary to their right. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">The 160 hidden panels do not form a continuous story, but each panel provides one complete illustration of cause and effect. There are depictions of blameworthy activities, from gossip to murder, with their corresponding punishments. There are also praiseworthy activities, that include charity and pilgrimage to sanctuaries, and their subsequent rewards. The pains of hell and the pleasure of heaven are also illustrated. There are scenes of daily life, complete with the full panorama of samsara (the endless cycle of birth and death). </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Apart from the story of Buddhist cosmology carved in stone, Borobudur has many statues of various Buddhas. The cross-legged statues are seated in a lotus position and distributed on the five square platforms (the Rupadhatu level) as well as on the top platform (the Arupadhatu level). </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">At glance, all the Buddha statues appear similar, but there is a subtle difference between them in the mudras or the position of the hands. There are five groups of mudra: North, East, South, West and Zenith, which represent the five cardinal compass points according to Mahayana. The first four balustrades have the first four mudras: North, East, South and West, of which the Buddha statues that face one compass direction have the corresponding mudra. Buddha statues at the fifth balustrades and inside the 72 stupas on the top platform have the same mudra: Zenith. Each mudra represents one of the Five Dhyani Buddhas; each has its own symbolism. They are Abhaya mudra for Amoghasiddhi (north), Vara mudra for Ratnasambhava (south), Dhyana mudra for Amitabha (west), Bhumisparsa mudra for Aksobhya (east) and Dharmachakra mudra for Vairochana (zenith). </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>TRANSPORTATION </b></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">There are several way you can visit Borobudur Temple. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">~ Istalastu ~ </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://istanalangit.com/wp-content/uploads/468-x-90-1.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="76" src="http://istanalangit.com/wp-content/uploads/468-x-90-1.gif" width="400" /></a></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Source : Wikipedia</span></div>Jabaltravhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16044589030739675329noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6216772907098364996.post-56355080885267884562011-06-17T22:44:00.000-07:002011-08-14T06:07:26.396-07:00Candi Prambanan (Prambanan Temple)<div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Prambanan is the ninth century Hindu temple compound in Central Java, Indonesia, dedicated to Trimurti, the expression of God as the Creator (Brahma), the Sustainer (Vishnu) and the Destroyer (Shiva). The temple compound located approximately 18 km east of Yogyakarta city on the boundary between Yogyakarta and Central Java province. </span></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"></span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgngplhGL8tOciVh4nbdmmnf72_WUmU7nI33VNgvitWzBr9DIHLZM2n2XvNWFB0wGDXlMDRV_NE7wR1UuAcyb6Gu53r5-5NwcuNV7yRJrkqkY2k_ooeD7IAlObX85IQoUxlLxunHvKhQM4/s1600/candiPrambanan.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgngplhGL8tOciVh4nbdmmnf72_WUmU7nI33VNgvitWzBr9DIHLZM2n2XvNWFB0wGDXlMDRV_NE7wR1UuAcyb6Gu53r5-5NwcuNV7yRJrkqkY2k_ooeD7IAlObX85IQoUxlLxunHvKhQM4/s320/candiPrambanan.jpg" width="320" /></a></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">The temple is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, currently is the largest Hindu temple in Indonesia, and is one of the largest Hindu temples in south-east Asia. It is characterised by its tall and pointed architecture, typical of Hindu temple architecture, and by the towering 47m high central building inside a large complex of individual temples. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><a name='more'></a></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><b>HISTORY </b></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Prambanan is the largest Hindu temple of ancient Java, and the construction of this royal temple was probably started by Rakai Pikatan as the Hindu Sanjayas answer to the Buddhist Sailendra's Borobudur and Sewu temples nearby. The construction of Prambanan probably was meant to marked the return of Sanjaya dynasty to power after almost a century fell under Sailendra domination on Central Java. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">A temple was first built at the site around 850 CE by either Rakai Pikatan or Balitung Maha Sambu the Sanjaya king of the Mataram Kingdom. According to Shivagrha inscription that wrote chandrasengkala ”Wwalung gunung sang wiku” (778 Saka/856 M), the temple was built to honor lord Shiva and the original name of the temple is Shiva-grha (the house of Shiva). Indeed, some archaeologists propose that the idol of Shiva in the garbhagriha (central chamber) of the main temple is modelled after King Balitung, serving as a depiction of his deified self after death. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">The temple compound was expanded by successive Mataram kings such as Daksa and Tulodong with the addition hundreds of perwara temples around the chief temple. Prambanan served as the royal temple of the Hindu Kingdom of Mataram, with most of the state's religious ceremonies and sacrifices being conducted there. At the height of the Mataram kingdom, scholars estimate that hundreds of Brahmins with their disciples lived within the outer wall of the temple compound. The urban center and the court of Mataram were located nearby, somewhere in the Prambanan valley. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">In the 930s, the court was shifted to East Java by Mpu Sindok, who established the Isyana Dynasty. While the reason for the shift remains uncertain, it was probably caused by an eruption of the volcano of Merapi located north of Prambanan, or a power struggle. That marked the beginning of the temple's decline. It was soon abandoned and began to deteriorate. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">The temples themselves collapsed during a major earthquake in the 16th century. Although the temple ceased to be the important place of worship, the ruins scattered around the area itself still recognizable and known to local Javanese people in later period. The statues and the ruins become the theme and the inspirations for the Loro Jonggrang folktale. After the division of Mataram Sultanate in 1755, the temple ruins and Opak river mark the boundaries between Yogyakarta and Surakarta (Solo) Sultanates. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;">REDISCOVERY </span></b></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">In 1811 during Britain’s short-lived rule of the Dutch East Indies, Collin Mackenzie, a surveyor in the service of Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles, came upon the temples by chance. Although Sir Thomas subsequently commissioned a full survey of the ruins, they remained neglected for decades, with Dutch residents carting off sculptures as garden ornaments and native villagers using the foundation stones for construction material. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Half-hearted excavations by archaeologists in the 1880s merely facilitated looting. Reconstruction of the compound began in 1918, and proper restoration only in 1930. Efforts at restoration continue to this day. The main building was completed around 1953. Since much of the original stonework has been stolen and reused at remote construction sites, hampering restoration and since a temple can be rebuilt only if at least 75% of the original masonry is available, only the foundations of most of the smaller shrines are now visible with no plans for their reconstruction. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;">CONTEMPORARY EVENT </span></b></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">In the early 1990s the government removed the market that had sprung up near the temple and transformed the surrounding villages and rice paddies into an archaeological park. The park covers a large area, from Yogyakarta-Solo main road in the south, encompassing the whole Prambanan complex, the ruins of Lumbung and Bubrah temples, and as far as the Sewu temple compound in the north. In 1992 the Indonesian government created a State-owned Limited Liability Enterprise (PERSERO) of PT Taman Wisata Candi Borobudur, Prambanan, dan Ratu Boko. This enterprise is the authority for the park management of Borobudur Prambanan Ratu Boko and the surrounding region. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">The open-air and indoor stages on the west side of the temple right across the Opak river, were built to stage the Ramayana ballet. This traditional Javanese dance is the centuries old dance of the Javanese court, performed every full moon night in the Prambanan temple since the 1960s. Since then, Prambanan has become one of the major archaeological and cultural tourism attractions in Indonesia. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">After the reconstruction of the main temples in 1990s, Prambanan once again reclaim its status as an important religious center for Hindu rituals and ceremonies in Java. The religious significance revival of Prambanan was due to Balinese and Javanese Hindu communities in Yogyakarta and Central Java that annually perform their sacred ceremonies in Prambanan, such as Galungan, Tawur Kesanga, and Nyepi. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">The temple was damaged during the May 2006 Java earthquake. Early photos suggest that although the complex was structurally intact, the damage was significant. Large pieces of debris, including carvings, were scattered over the ground. The temple has been closed to visitors until the damage can be fully assessed. The head of Yogyakarta Archaeological Conservation Agency stated that it would take months to identify the precise extent of the damage. However, some weeks later in 2006 the site had been re-opened for visitors. As of 2009, the interior of most of the temples remains off-limits for safety reasons. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;">LORO JONGGRANG COMPLEX</span></b> </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">The Prambanan compound also known as Loro Jonggrang complex, named after the popular legend of Loro Jonggrang. There are 237 temples in this Shivaite temple complex, either big or small. But the majority of them have deteriorated, what is left are only scattered stones. The Prambanan temple complex consists of three zones; first the outer zone, second the middle zone that contains hundreds of small temples, and third the holiest inner zone that contains eight main temples and eight small shrines. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">The outer zone is a large space marked by a rectangular wall (destroyed). The original function is unknown; possibilities are that it was a sacred park, or priests' boarding school (ashram). The supporting buildings for the temple complex were made from organic material; as a consequence no remains occur. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><b>PERVARA TEMPLES </b></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">The middle zone consists of four rows of 224 individual small shrines. There are great numbers of these temples, but most of them are still in ruins and only some have been reconstructed. These concentric rows of temples were made in identical design. Each row towards the center is slightly elevated. These shrines are called "Candi Perwara" guardian or complementary temples, the additional buildings of the main temple. Some believed it was offered to the king as a sign of submission. The Perwara are arranged in four rows around the central temples, some believed it has something to do with four castes, made according to the rank of the people allowed to enter them; the row nearest to the central compound was accessible to the priests only, the other three were reserved for the nobles, the knights, and the simple people respectively. While another believed that the four rows of Perwara has nothing to do with four castes, it just simply made as meditation place for priests and as worship place for devotees. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;">SHIVA TEMPLE </span></b></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">The inner zone or central compound is the holiest among the three zones. Its the square elevated platform surrounded by square stone wall with stone gates on each four cardinal points. This holiest compound is assembled of eight main shrines or candi. The three main shrines, called Trimurti ("three forms"), are dedicated to the three gods: Brahma the Creator, Vishnu the Keeper, and Shiva the Destroyer. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">The Shiva shrine at the center contains five chambers, four small chambers in every cardinal direction and one bigger main chamber in central part of the temple. The east chamber connect to central chamber that houses the largest temple in Prambanan, a three meter high statue of Shiva Mahadeva (the Supreme God). The statue bears Lakcana (attributes or symbol) of Shiva such as skull and sickle (crescent) at the crown, and third eye on the forehead, also four hands that holds Shiva's symbols: a prayer beads, feather duster, and trisula (trident). Some historians believe that the depiction of Shiva as Mahadeva also meant to personify king Balitung as the reincarnation of Shiva. So, when he died, a temple was built to commemorate him as Shiva. The statue of Shiva stands on lotus pad on Yoni pedestal that bears the carving of Naga serpents on north side of pedestal. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">The other three smaller chambers contain statues of Hindu Gods related to Shiva; his consort Durga, the rishi Agastya, and Ganesha, his son. Statue of Agastya occupy the south chamber, the west chamber houses the statue of Ganesha, while the north chamber contains the statue of Durga Mahisasuramardini depicting Durga as the slayer of Bull demon. The shrine of Durga is also called the temple of Lara Jonggrang (Javanese: slender virgin), after a Javanese legend of princess Lara Jonggrang. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><b>BRAHMA AND VISHNU TEMPLE</b></span> </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">The two other main shrines are that of Vishnu on the north side of Shiva shrine, and the one of Brahma on the south. Both temple facing east and each contain only one large chamber, each dedicated to respected gods; Brahma temple contains the statue of Brahma and Vishnu temple houses the statue of Vishnu. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">The bas-reliefs along the balustrades on the gallery around Shiva and Brahma temple depict the Ramayana legend. They illustrate how Sita, the wife of Rama, is abducted by Ravana. The monkey king Hanuman brings his army to help Rama and rescue Sita. This story is also shown by the Ramayana Ballet, regularly performed at full moon at Trimurti open air theatre in west side of the illuminated Prambanan complex. On the balsutrades in Vishnu temple there is series of bas-relief depict Krishnayana, the story of lord Krishna. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;">VAHANA TEMPLE </span></b></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">The other three shrine in front of three main temples is dedicated to vehicle (vahana) of the respective gods - the bull Nandi for Shiva, the sacred swan Hamsa for Brahma, and Vishnu's Eagle Garuda. Precisely in front of Shiva temple stands Nandi temple which contains a statue of Nandi bull, the vehicle (vahana) of Lord Shiva. Besides it, there is also other statues, the statue of Chandra the god of moon and Surya the god of sun. Chandra stands on his carriage pulled by 10 horses, and the statue of Surya also standing on a carriage pulled by 7 horses. Facing Brahma temple is the temple of Hamsa or Angsa (sacred swan). In the chamber of this temple contains no statue. But it seems likely that there was once a statue of the sacred swan, vehicle of god Brahma. In front of Vishnu temple is the temple dedicated for Garuda, however just like the Hamsa temple, Garuda temple contains no statue. Probably this temple once contains the statue of Garuda, the vehicle of Vishnu. Garuda holds important role for Indonesia, which serves as the national symbol of Indonesia, also to the airline Garuda Indonesia. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Between these row of main temple, on north and south side stands two Candi Apit. Beside these 8 main temples, there's also 8 smaller shrines; 4 Candi Kelir on four cardinal direction of the entrance, and 4 Candi Patok on four corner. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><b>THE LEGEND </b></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">The popular legend of Loro Jonggrang is what connects the site of the Ratu Boko Palace, the origin of the Durga statue in northern cell/chamber of the main shrine, and the origin of the Sewu temple temple complex nearby. The legend tells of the story about Prince Bandung Bondowoso who fell in love with Princess Loro Jonggrang, the daughter of King Boko. But the princess rejected his proposal of marriage because Bandung Bondowoso had killed King Boko and ruled her kingdom. Bandung Bondowoso insisted on the union, and finally Loro Jonggrang was forced to agree for a union in marriage, but she posed one impossible condition: Bandung must build her a thousand temples in only one night. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">The Prince entered into meditation and conjured up a multitude of spirits (demons) from the earth. Helped by supernatural beings, he succeeded in building 999 temples. When the prince was about to complete the condition, the princess woke her palace maids and ordered the women of the village to begin pounding rice and set a fire in the east of the temple, attempting to make the prince and the spirits believe that the sun was about to rise. As the cocks began to crow, fooled by the light and the sounds of morning time, the supernatural helpers fled back into the ground. The prince was furious about the trick and in revenge he cursed Loro Jonggrang to stone. She became the last and the most beautiful of the thousand statues. According to the traditions, the unfinished thousandth temple created by the demons become the Sewu temple compounds nearby (Sewu means "thousands" in Javanese), and the Princess is the image of Durga in the north cell of the Shiva temple at Prambanan, which is still known as Loro Jonggrang or Slender Virgin. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;">OTHER TEMPLES AROUND </span></b></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">The Prambanan plain span between southern slopes of Merapi volcano in the north and Sewu mountain range in the south, near the present border Yogyakarta province and Klaten Regency, Central Java. Apart from the Lara Jonggrang complex, Prambanan plain, valley and hills around it is the location of some of the earliest Buddhist temples in Indonesia. Not far to the north are found the ruins of Bubrah temple, Lumbung temple, and Sewu temple. Further east are found Plaosan temple. To the west are found Kalasan temple and Sari temple, further to the west are Sambisari temple. While to the south the Ratu Boko compounds on higher ground. The discoveries of archaeological sites scattered only a few miles away suggested that this area was an important religious, political, and urban center. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">North of the Lara Jongrang complex </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">* Candi Lumbung. Buddhist-style, consisting of one main temple surrounded by 16 smaller ones. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">* Candi Bubrah. Buddhist temple still in ruins. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">* Candi Sewu. Buddhist temple complex, older than Roro Jonggrang. A main sanctuary surrounded by many smaller temples. Well preserved guardian statues, replicas of which stand in the central courtyard at the Jogja Kraton. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">* Candi Morangan. Hindu temple complex buried several meters under volcanic ashes, located northwest from Prambanan. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Candi Plaosan in Prambanan (9th century). </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">* Candi Plaosan. Buddhist, probably 9th century. Thought to have been built by a Hindu king for his Buddhist queen. Two main temples with reliefs of Boddhisatva and Tara. Also rows of slender stupas. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">South of the Lara Jongrang complex </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">* Ratu Boko. Complex of fortified gates, bathing pools, and elevated walled stone enclosure, all located on top of the hill. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">* Candi Sajiwan. Buddhist temple decorated with reliefs concerning education. The base and staircase are decorated with animal fables. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">* Candi Banyunibo. A Buddhist temple with unique design of roof. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">* Candi Barong. A Hindu temple complex with large stepped stone courtyard. Located on the slope of the hill. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">* Candi Ijo. A cluster of Hindu temple located near the top of Ijo hill. The main temple houses a large lingam and yoni. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">* Arca Bugisan. Seven Buddha and bodhisattva statues, some collapsed, representing different poses and expressions. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">West of the Lara Jongrang complex </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">* Candi Kalasan. 8th century Buddhist temple built in commemoration of the marriage of a king and his princess bride, ornamented with finely carved reliefs. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">* Candi Sari. Once a sanctuary for Buddhist priests. 8th century. Nine stupas at the top with two rooms beneath, each believed to be places for priests to meditate. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">* Candi Sambisari. 9th century Hindu temple discovered in 1966, once buried 6.5 metres under volcanic ash. The main temple houses a linga and yoni, and the wall surround it displayed the images of Agastya, Durga, and Ganesha. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">* Candi Gebang. A small Hindu temple discovered in 1937 located near the Yogyakarta northern ring-road. The temple display the statue of Ganesha and interesting carving of faces on the roof section. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">* Candi Gana. Rich in statues, bas-reliefs and sculpted stones. Frequent representations of children or dwarfs with raised hands. Located in the middle of housing complex. Under restoration since 1997. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">* Candi Kedulan. Discovered in 1994 by sand diggers, 4m deep. Square base of main temple visible. Secondary temples not yet fully excavated. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">~ Istalastu ~ </span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://istanalangit.com/wp-content/uploads/468-x-90-1.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="61" src="http://istanalangit.com/wp-content/uploads/468-x-90-1.gif" width="320" /></a></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Source : Wikipedia</span></div>Jabaltravhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16044589030739675329noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6216772907098364996.post-58805359707120861862011-06-17T22:39:00.000-07:002011-08-14T06:08:51.064-07:00Candi Mendut (Mendut Temple)<div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Mendut is a ninth century Buddhist temple, located in Mendut village, Mungkid sub-district, Magelang Regency, Central Java, Indonesia. The temple located about three kilometres east from Borobudur. Mendut, Borobudur and Pawon, all of which are Buddhist temples, are located in one straight line. There is a mutual religious relationship between the three temples, although the exact ritual process is unknown. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"></span><br />
<a name='more'></a></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"></span><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhde4UwWJ2lAoligytez_2CmXZHpGyhyphenhyphensJqdFAdrH08y-3hyphenhyphenQ8DTUdotxCganCe8k2NUamdvqCIv8JUhhyphenhyphenwJgc9eaQyaiapoinhF77vld53k9ZYjh_m6phOOvAwJ7idXzm2-RBcu5UzMBE/s1600/Candi+Mendut+3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="132" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhde4UwWJ2lAoligytez_2CmXZHpGyhyphenhyphensJqdFAdrH08y-3hyphenhyphenQ8DTUdotxCganCe8k2NUamdvqCIv8JUhhyphenhyphenwJgc9eaQyaiapoinhF77vld53k9ZYjh_m6phOOvAwJ7idXzm2-RBcu5UzMBE/s200/Candi+Mendut+3.jpg" width="200" /></a>Built around early ninth century AD, Mendut is the oldest of the three temples including Pawon and Borobudur. The Karang Tengah inscription, the temple was built and finished during the reign of King Indra of Sailendra dynasty. The inscription dated 824 AD mentioned that King Indra of Sailendra has built a sacred building named Venuvana which means "bamboo forest". Dutch archaeologist JG de Casparis has connected the temple mentioned in Karang Tengah inscription with Mendut temple. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">In 1836 it was discovered as a ruins covered with bushes. The restoration of this temple was started at 1897 and it was finished at 1925. Some archaeologists who had conducted research on this temple were JG de Casparis, Theodoor van Erp, and Arisatya Yogaswara. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;">A R C H I T E C T U R E</span></b> </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">The 26.4 metres tall temple is facing west. The stairs projecting from the west side square elevated base is adorned with Makara statue on each sides, the side of the stairwall carved with bas-relief of fable narrating the animal story of buddhist teaching. The square terrace surrounding the body of the temple was meant for pradakshina or circumambulating ritual, walking clockwise around the temple. The outer walls is adorned with bas-reliefs of Boddhisattvas (buddhist divinities), such as Avalokitesvara, Maitreya, Cunda, Ksitigarbha, Samantabhadra, Mahakarunika Avalokitesvara, Vajrapani, Manjusri, Akasagarbha, and Boddhisattvadevi Prajnaparamita among other buddhist figures. Originally the temple had two chambers, a small chamber in the front, and the large main chamber in the center. The roof and some parts of the front chamber walls are missing. The inner wall of front chamber is adorned with bas-relief of Hariti surrounds by children, Atavaka on the other side, Kalpataru, also groups of devatas divinities flying in heaven. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">The main room housed three beautifully carved large stone statues. The three statues are the Buddhist main divinities revered in Mendut temple which can explain the spiritual purpose of the establishment of this temple. The 3 metres tall statue of Dhyani Buddha Vairocana was meant to liberate the devotees from the bodily karma, at the left is statue of Boddhisatva Avalokitesvara to liberate from the karma of speech, at the right is Boddhisatva Vajrapani to liberate from karma of thought. Today, during the full moon in May or June, Buddhists in Indonesia observe Vesak annual ritual by walking from Mendut passing through Pawon and ends at Borobudur. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">~ Istalastu ~ </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://istanalangit.com/wp-content/uploads/468-x-90-1.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="76" src="http://istanalangit.com/wp-content/uploads/468-x-90-1.gif" width="400" /></a></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Source : Wikipedia</span></div>Jabaltravhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16044589030739675329noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6216772907098364996.post-17707340108671554492011-06-17T22:33:00.000-07:002011-08-14T06:09:31.025-07:00Pasar Gede (Central Market) Solo<div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"></span><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpbU5yzJzU2QIMmEx3mAT6rzrh7YtG0f1NUzkms9Dsrhqds-VjaLqzd1suO5iC2lhQ7jkIobCF7SVaRjTovhP2s1Wcezz6MgKbzUPEqoWqKisjWePe_oxdJfp3aZrTOXVtg9GR3bvijf4/s1600/pasar+gede+solo+old.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="123" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpbU5yzJzU2QIMmEx3mAT6rzrh7YtG0f1NUzkms9Dsrhqds-VjaLqzd1suO5iC2lhQ7jkIobCF7SVaRjTovhP2s1Wcezz6MgKbzUPEqoWqKisjWePe_oxdJfp3aZrTOXVtg9GR3bvijf4/s200/pasar+gede+solo+old.jpg" width="200" /></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Pasar gede Hardjonagoro merupakan salah satu simbol sejarah Kota Solo yang cikal bakalnya diperkirakan sejak akhir Kerajaan Majapahit. Pada periode tahun 1.400 M terdapat sebuah pasar yang disebut Pasar Candi berlokasi di sekitar Kali Pepe, yakni anak Bengawan Solo yang mengalir di pusat kota. Pasar Candi ini merupakan urat nadi perdagangan hasil bumi seiring dengan majunya lalu lintas perairan di Kali Pepe kala itu. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"></span><br />
<a name='more'></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Seiiring berjalannya waktu, Pasar Candi berubah menjadi Pasar Oprokan yang digambarkan berupa payung-payung peneduh untuk kegiatan pasar. Masa Pasar Oprokan lewat, berubah menjadi Pasar Lama berbentuk bangunan permanen yang berlangsung pada era Kasunanan. Saat Paku Buwono X naik tahta muncul keinginan untuk merombak pasar lama menjadi pasar yang lebih bagus. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Rancangan pasar itu kemudian dikerjakan oleh arsitek ternama, Herman Thomas Karsten, dengan mengaplikasikan budaya tradisional Jawa dengan budaya Eropa. Awal berdirinya Pasar Gede merupakan tonggak sejarah pembauran antara etnis Tionghoa dengan etnis Jawa. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><b>CIRI KHAS BANGUNAN PASAR GEDE </b></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Bergaya arsitektur tradisional Jawa – Eropa (Kolonial Belanda) </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Budaya Jawa terlihat dari penutup atap berbentuk joglo dan limasan berbahan sirap serta canopy lebar. Budaya kolonial terlihat dari bentuk dinding berukuran tebal dan kolom-kolom yang tegas. Selain itu, tulisan Pasar Gede yang terpampang di pintu masuk bergaya Art Nouveau. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><b>Simbol pembauran </b></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Lokasi Pasar Gede berada di dekat China Town dan sebuah Klenteng Vihara Avalokitesvara Tien Kok Sie. Dahulu kala, Pasar Gede menjadi mediator perdagangan bagi masyarakat Belanda – Tionghoa – Pribumi.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">~Istalastu~</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://istanalangit.com/wp-content/uploads/468-x-90-1.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="76" src="http://istanalangit.com/wp-content/uploads/468-x-90-1.gif" width="400" /></a></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div>Jabaltravhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16044589030739675329noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6216772907098364996.post-55269631690120035852011-06-14T20:42:00.000-07:002011-08-14T06:10:13.514-07:00Bali Traditional House<div style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjXtf9ntEF3H4Ouc2Vy8tTkAq62aOxrWJKXo0lfSpKPK5nNTTB6jSwDd-drDLLULRsJ598KsPasnYtY3RB1bqH96btMH5SZie8Y1jFF2AAOdi9HJ4cLF6MrguQx7d0w_VD8fEjyukV_WCE/s1600/Bali+House.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="118" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjXtf9ntEF3H4Ouc2Vy8tTkAq62aOxrWJKXo0lfSpKPK5nNTTB6jSwDd-drDLLULRsJ598KsPasnYtY3RB1bqH96btMH5SZie8Y1jFF2AAOdi9HJ4cLF6MrguQx7d0w_VD8fEjyukV_WCE/s200/Bali+House.jpg" width="200" /></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">If you go to Bali Island, just don't forget to visit Batuan area at Gianyar, Bali. Batuan, Gianyar is an area which have a lot of art and culture stage performance, we can learn/study or just simply knowing about Bali’s Traditional House. Bali’s community is using 9 Direction concept as guidance on their life philosophy. The concept which also called Nawa Sanga is very important to the society because their orientation to Agung Mount and sunrise direction. North direction is symbolize deity of Vishnu, South is deity of Brahma, East is Deity of Iswara and West deity of Mahadewa. </span></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"></span><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"></span><br />
<a name='more'></a></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Bali’s Traditional House is very unique because it divided in several building which arranged according to wind direction and Agung Mount axis. Eastward with tinder face to Agung Mountain is a special location in the house section. It’s commonplace as altar (bali : pamerajan).</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Entrance are is split into 2 function. Entrance which functioning like Temple of Bentar at Pura (Bali’s Temple), as a entrance gate, is called angkul-angkul. Entrance which function to displace view attention so people can’t see direct to inside building, called aling-aling. This entrance is located on southwest of house. Family Pura located on North East. Umah Meten, is leader of family’s bedroom, which position have to be respectable enough on North side. Sittingroom or bale tiang sangah (nine pillar room) put on West side. Bale sekapat or children bedroom usually located in South side of the house. Bale dangin, the place used to make artistic object or a place for wife to knit clothes for her husband or children, located on East side. Kitchen or pawon, located on South East side. Usually, there are also build a mow to storage harvest from the garden or grain field. Also backyard as eksterior area or landscape which connecting each bulding.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">~ Istalastu ~</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://istanalangit.com/wp-content/uploads/468-x-90-1.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="76" src="http://istanalangit.com/wp-content/uploads/468-x-90-1.gif" width="400" /></a></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Source : wikipedia, google, yahoo</span></div>Jabaltravhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16044589030739675329noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6216772907098364996.post-4527486314894400852011-06-14T02:24:00.000-07:002011-08-14T06:11:14.656-07:00BALI, Dewata Island<div style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhFUP9TqhgEcWtMloJQVrzdCi84diXUQ8MgHtq22EoaM5TKav9fGM9oAm50kaEjfmXwZJEdvP8EEatthiWBge6u42pE6EoQi7PCGiK-fOYolETd1K4IrveqMbkWfaKqcKPpVA8B7ezdizk/s1600/bali-map.gif" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="126" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhFUP9TqhgEcWtMloJQVrzdCi84diXUQ8MgHtq22EoaM5TKav9fGM9oAm50kaEjfmXwZJEdvP8EEatthiWBge6u42pE6EoQi7PCGiK-fOYolETd1K4IrveqMbkWfaKqcKPpVA8B7ezdizk/s200/bali-map.gif" width="200" /></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Bali is an Indonesian island located at westernmost of the Lesser Sunda Islands, lying between Java to the west and Lombok to the east. It is one of the Indonesia country's 33 provinces with the provincial capital at Denpasar towards the south of the island., With a population recorded as 3,551,000 in 2009, the island is home to the vast majority of Indonesia's small Hindu minority. About 93.18% of Bali's population adheres to Balinese Hinduism, while most of the remainder follow Islam. It is also the largest tourist destination in the country and is renowned for its highly developed arts, including dance, sculpture, painting, leather, metalworking and music.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><a name='more'></a></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Bali was inhabited by Austronesian peoples by about 2000 BC who migrated originally from Taiwan through Maritime Southeast Asia. Culturally and linguistically, the Balinese are thus closely related to the peoples of the Indonesian archipelago, the Philippines, and Oceania. Stone tools dating from this time have been found near the village of Cekik in the island's west.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Balinese culture was strongly influenced by Indian and Chinese, and particularly Hindu culture, in a process beginning around the 1st century AD. The name Bali dwipa (Bali island, dwipa it mean island) has been discovered from various inscriptions, including the Blanjong pillar inscription written by Sri Kesari Warmadewa in 914 AD and mentioning "Walidwipa". It was during this time that the complex irrigation system subak was developed to grow rice. Some religious and cultural traditions still in existence today can be traced back to this period. The Hindu Majapahit Empire (1293–1520 AD) on eastern Java founded a Balinese colony in 1343. When the empire declined, there was an exodus of intellectuals, artists, priests and musicians from Java to Bali in the 15th century.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjI9uIyNQOaE5WI4w5l0WHj2mRi9xGSxsEuOMgEvsIvFGW3kGanWMv9WFkIWbbWYPiJykaDe3XeVCay9_cfIComELVZWP7oV3ooGvLJSSPfd11dy2LBjFzD36Ytz9JZci3NRhIia-Npqto/s1600/bali+%25281%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="134" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjI9uIyNQOaE5WI4w5l0WHj2mRi9xGSxsEuOMgEvsIvFGW3kGanWMv9WFkIWbbWYPiJykaDe3XeVCay9_cfIComELVZWP7oV3ooGvLJSSPfd11dy2LBjFzD36Ytz9JZci3NRhIia-Npqto/s200/bali+%25281%2529.jpg" width="200" /></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">The island of Bali lies 3.2 km (2 mi) east of Java, and is approximately 8 degrees south of the equator. Bali and Java are separated by Bali Strait. East to west, the island is approximately 153 km (95 mi) wide and spans approximately 112 km (69 mi) north to south; its land area is 5,632 km². The province is divided into 8 regencies (kabupaten) and 1 city (kota). Unless otherwise stated, the regency's capital is : Badung, capital Denpasar, Bangli, capital Bangli, Buleleng, capital Singaraja, Denpasar (city), Gianyar, capital Gianyar, Jembrana, capital Negara, Karangasem, capital Amlapura, Klungkung, capital Semarapura and Tabanan, capital Tabanan.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Three decades ago, the Balinese economy was largely agriculture-based in terms of both output and employment. Tourism is now the largest single industry; and as a result, Bali is one of Indonesia’s wealthiest regions. About 80% of Bali's economy depends on tourism. The economy, however, suffered significantly as a result of the terrorist bombings 2002 and 2005. The tourism industry is slowly recovering once again. The Indonesian Tourism Ministry expects more visitors arrivals in 2010, whose target for visitor arrivals is aimed to be the highest ever. Bali's tourism brand is Bali Shanti Shanti Shanti. Where Shanti derived from Sanskrit "Shanti" meaning peace.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Unlike most of Muslim-majority Indonesia, about 93.18% of Bali's population adheres to Balinese Hinduism, formed as a combination of existing local beliefs and Hindu influences from mainland Southeast Asia and South Asia. Minority religions include Islam (4.79%), Christianity (1.38%), and Buddhism (0.64%). These figures do not include immigrants from other parts of Indonesia.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Although tourism produces the economy’s largest output, agriculture is still the island’s biggest employer; notably rice cultivation. Crops grown in smaller amounts include fruit, vegetables, Coffea arabica and other cash and subsistence crops. Fishing also provides a significant number of jobs. Bali is also famous for its artisans who produce a vast array of handicrafts, including batik and ikat cloth and clothing, wooden carvings, stone carvings, painted art and silverware. Notably, individual villages typically adopt a single product, such as wind chimes or wooden furniture.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">The Arabica coffee production region is the highland region of Kintamani near Mount Batur. Generally, Balinese coffee is processed using the wet method. This results in a sweet, soft coffee with good consistency. Typical flavors include lemon and other citrus notes. Many coffee farmers in Kintamani are members of a traditional farming system called Subak Abian, which is based on the Hindu philosophy of "Tri Hita Karana”. According to this philosophy, the three causes of happiness are good relations with God, other people and the environment. The Subak Abian system is ideally suited to the production of fair trade and organic coffee production. Arabica coffee from Kintamani is the first product in Indonesia to request a Geographical Indication.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Although significant tourism exists in the north, centre and east of the island, the tourism industry is overwhelmingly focused in the south. The main tourist locations are the town of Kuta (with its beach), and its outer suburbs (which were once independent townships) of Legian and Seminyak; the east coast town of Sanur (once the only tourist hub); to the south of the airport is Jimbaran; in the center of the island Ubud; and the newer development of Nusa Dua.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">An offshoot of tourism is the growing real estate industry in Bali. Bali real estate has been rapidly developing in the main tourist districts of Kuta, Legian, Seminyak and Oberoi. Most recently, high end 5 star projects are under development on the Bukit peninsula on the south side of the island. Million dollar villas are springing up along the cliff sides of south Bali, commanding panoramic ocean views. Foreign and domestic (many Jakarta individuals and companies are fairly active) investment into other areas of the island also continues to grow. Land prices, despite the worldwide economic crisis have remained stable.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">The highest point is Mount Agung at 3,142 m (9,426 feet) high, an active volcano that last erupted in March 1963. Mountains range from centre to the eastern side, with Mount Agung the easternmost peak. Mount Batur (1,717 m) is also still active; an eruption 30,000 years ago was one of the largest known volcanic events on Earth.[citation needed] In the south the land descends to form an alluvial plain, watered by shallow, north-south flowing rivers, drier in the dry season and overflowing during periods of heavy rain. The longest of these rivers, Ayung River, flows approximately 75 km.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Bali island surrounded by coral reefs. Beaches in the south tend to have white sand while those in the north and west have black sand. The beach town of Padangbai in the south east has both[citation needed]. Bali has no major waterways, although the Ho River is navigable by small sampan boats. Black sand beaches between Pasut and Klatingdukuh are being developed for tourism, but apart from the seaside temple of Tanah Lot, they are not yet used for significant tourism.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">The largest city is the provincial capital, Denpasar, near the southern coast. Its population is around 300,000. Bali's second-largest city is the old colonial capital, Singaraja, which is located on the north coast and is home to around 100,000 people. Other important cities include the beach resort, Kuta, which is practically part of Denpasar's urban area; and Ubud, which is north of Denpasar, and is known as the island's cultural centre. Three small islands lie to the immediate south east and all are administratively part of the Klungkung regency of Bali: Nusa Penida, Nusa Lembongan and Nusa Ceningan. These islands are separated from Bali by the Badung Strait.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">To the east, the Lombok Strait separates Bali from Lombok and marks the biogeographical division between the fauna of the Indomalayan ecozone and the distinctly different fauna of Australasia. The transition is known as the Wallace Line, named after Alfred Russel Wallace, who first proposed a transition zone between these two major biomes. When sea levels dropped during the Pleistocene ice age, Bali was connected to Java and Sumatra and to the mainland of Asia and shared the Asian fauna, but the deep water of the Lombok Strait continued to keep Lombok and the Lesser Sunda archipelago isolated.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Bali Island is situated on the border of the Wallace Line, where transition from the Asian wildlife and flora is made into the Pacific Islands biotope. Bali is virtually the southernmost island with specific Asian fauna and flora and with very few influences from the Pacific Islands like the Yellow-crested Cockatoo and other bird species occur. Bali has around 280 species of birds, including the critically endangered Bali Starling, one of the rarest birds in the world. Others are: Barn Swallow, Black-naped Oriole, Black Racket-tailed Treepie, Crested Serpent-eagle, Crested Treeswift, Dollarbird, Java Sparrow, Lesser Adjutant, Long-tailed Shrike, Milky Stork, Pacific Swallow, Red-rumped Swallow, Sacred Kingfisher, Sea Eagle, Woodswallow, Savanna Nightjar, Stork-billed Kingfisher, Yellow-vented Bulbul, White Heron, Great Egret.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://istanalangit.com/wp-content/uploads/468-x-90-1.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="76" src="http://istanalangit.com/wp-content/uploads/468-x-90-1.gif" width="400" /></a></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Until the beginning of the 20th century, Bali was home to some large animals such as the wild Banteng, Leopard and even the Bali tiger. The first still occurs in its domestic form, while leopards only in neighboring Java, but the Bali Tiger has completely disappeared, with last recorded one in 1937, when last known specimen was shot. Due to the relative small size of the island and clashes with humans, along with poaching and habitat reduction has driven this unique feline to extinction. It was the smallest and rarest of all tiger species and never caught on film or displayed in zoos, few skins and bones remain in museums around the world as a testimony of its undisputed existence. Today, the largest animals remain the Javan Rusa deer and the Wild Boar. The water monitor can grow to an impressive size and move surprisingly quickly. Two species of deer occur in the island the smaller Muntjak and the larger Javan Rusa deer.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Snakes are represented by green snakes and occasional king and pythons occurring around areas where mice and rats are present. Squirrels are quite commonly encountered, more rare the Asian Palm Civet grown also in coffee farms to produce the expensive and controversial Kopi Luwak. Chiropteras are well represented, perhaps the most famous place to encounter them remains the Goa Lawah (Temple of the Bats) where they are worshipped by the locals and also constitute a tourist attraction, and other cave temples like Gangga Beach ones. Two species of primates occur in the island: the Crab-eating Macaque, known locally as “kera” quite common around human settlements or temples, where they became accustomed to people feeding them, particularly in any of the three so called “monkey forest” temples, with the most popular one in Ubud area. They are also quite often being kept as pets by locals. The second primate, far more rare and elusive is the Silver Leaf Monkey known locally as “lutung”. They occur virtually only in Bali Barat National Park, though in decent numbers. Other, rarer mammals include the Leopard Cat, Sunda Pangolin and Black Giant Squirrel.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">The rich coral reef around the coast Bali particularly around popular diving spots like Tulamben, Amed, Menjangan or neighboring Nusa Penida host a large amount of marine life, like Hawksbill Turtle, Giant Sunfish, Giant Manta Ray, Giant Moray Eel, Bumphead Parrotfish, Hammerhead Sharks, Reef Sharks, Barracudas, Sea Snakes and so on. Dolphins are commonly encountered on the north coast near Singaraja and Lovina.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Due to human influence many plants have been introduced by humans within the last centuries, particularly since 20th century, making it sometimes hard to distinguish what plants are really native. From the larger trees most common are: Banyan trees, Jackfruit, coconuts, bamboo species, acacia trees and also endless rows of coconuts and banana species. Numerous flowers can be seen: Hibiscus, frangipani, bougainvillea, poinsettia, oleander, jasmine, water lily, roses, begonias, orchids and hydrangeas exist. On higher grounds that receive more moisture, like around Kintamani, certain species of fern trees, mushrooms and even pine trees thrive well. Rice comes in many varieties. Other plants with agricultural value include: salak, mangosteen, corn, Kintamani orange, coffee and water spinach.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Bali is renowned for its diverse and sophisticated art forms, such as painting, sculpture, woodcarving, handcrafts, and performing arts. Balinese percussion orchestra music, known as gamelan, is highly developed and varied. Balinese performing arts often portray stories from Hindu epics such as the Ramayana but with heavy Balinese influence. Famous Balinese dances include pendet, legong, baris, topeng, barong, gong keybar, and kecak (the monkey dance). Bali boasts one of the most diverse and innovative performing arts cultures in the world, with paid performances at thousands of temple festivals, private ceremonies, or public shows.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">The Hindu New Year, Nyepi, is celebrated in the spring by a day of silence. On this day everyone stays at home and tourists are encouraged to remain in their hotels. But the day before that large, colourful sculptures of ogoh-ogoh monsters are paraded and finally burned in the evening to drive away evil spirits. Other festivals throughout the year are specified by the Balinese pawukon calendrical system.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Celebrations are held for many occasions such as a tooth-filing (coming-of-age ritual), cremation or odalan (temple festival). One of the most important concepts that Balinese ceremonies have in common is that of désa kala patra, which refers to how ritual performances must be appropriate in both the specific and general social context. Many of the ceremonial art forms such as wayang kulit and topeng are highly improvisatory, providing flexibility for the performer to adapt the performance to the current situation. Many celebrations call for a loud, boisterous atmosphere with lots of activity and the resulting aesthetic, ramé, is distinctively Balinese. Oftentimes two or more gamelan ensembles will be performing well within earshot, and sometimes compete with each other in order to be heard. Likewise, the audience members talk amongst themselves, get up and walk around, or even cheer on the performance, which adds to the many layers of activity and the liveliness typical of ramé.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Kaja and kelod are the Balinese equivalents of North and South, which refer to ones orientation between the island’s largest mountain Gunung Agung (kaja), and the sea (kelod). In addition to spatial orientation, kaja and kelod have the connotation of good and evil; gods and ancestors are believed to live on the mountain whereas demons live in the sea. Buildings such as temples and residential homes are spatially oriented by having the most sacred spaces closest to the mountain and the unclean places nearest to the sea.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Most temples have an inner courtyard and an outer courtyard which are arranged with the inner courtyard furthest kaja. These spaces serve as performance venues since most Balinese rituals are accompanied by any combination of music, dance and drama. The performances that take place in the inner courtyard are classified as wali, the most sacred rituals which are offerings exclusively for the gods, while the outer courtyard is where bebali ceremonies are held, which are intended for gods and people. Lastly, performances meant solely for the entertainment of humans take place outside the walls of the temple and are called bali-balihan. This three-tiered system of classification was standardized in 1971 by a committee of Balinese officials and artists in order to better protect the sanctity of the oldest and most sacred Balinese rituals from being performed for a paying audience.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">TRANSPORTATION</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Airports: The Ngurah Rai International Airport is located near Jimbaran, on the isthmus joining the southernmost part of the island to the main part of the island. Lt.Col. Wisnu Airfield is found in north-west Bali.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">A coastal road surrounds the island, and three major two-lane arteries cross the central mountains at passes reaching to 1,750m in height (at Penelokan). The Ngurah Rai Bypass is a four-lane expressway that partly encircles Denpasar and enables cars to travel quickly in the heavily populated south. Bali has no railway lines.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">~ Istalastu ~</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://istanalangit.com/wp-content/uploads/468-x-90-1.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="61" src="http://istanalangit.com/wp-content/uploads/468-x-90-1.gif" width="320" /></a></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Source : Wikipedia</span></div></div>Jabaltravhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16044589030739675329noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6216772907098364996.post-25508145326787125532011-06-10T23:52:00.000-07:002011-08-14T06:11:29.582-07:00Kalasan Temple<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 200%;">Candi Kalasan (also known as candi Kalibening) is an 8th century Buddhist temple located 13 km east of the Yogyakarta on the way to Prambanan temple, right on south side of main road 'Jalan Solo' between Yogyakarta and Surakarta, Indonesia. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><a name='more'></a><br />
<h2 style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span class="mw-headline"><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 200%;">History</span></span><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 200%;"><o:p></o:p></span></h2><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxbFlJt1HwWq4oJZQkwTBBQImFg8kL2use3i_uXvhLqlF4hl6-qDOjBI49o4u2kkN9vnPTuM_mH7OKJtWoKtRWU2aml1_ehJAyoJzmiWLNGd49M6I2cM4cXtRX2pojEBjr6CLY8JYxzvA/s1600/candi-kalasan.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="160" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxbFlJt1HwWq4oJZQkwTBBQImFg8kL2use3i_uXvhLqlF4hl6-qDOjBI49o4u2kkN9vnPTuM_mH7OKJtWoKtRWU2aml1_ehJAyoJzmiWLNGd49M6I2cM4cXtRX2pojEBjr6CLY8JYxzvA/s200/candi-kalasan.jpg" width="200" /></a><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 200%;">According to Kalasan inscription dated 778 AD, pranagari script written in sanskrit, the temple was erected by the will of Guru Sang Raja Sailendravamcatilaka (the Jewel of Sailendra family) that succeed to persuade Maharaja Tejapurnapana Panangkaran (in other part of the inscription also called as Kariyana Panangkaran) to construct a holy building for the goddess (boddhisattvadevi) Tara and also build a vihara (monastery) for buddhist monks from Sailendra family's realm. Panangkaran awarded the Kalaca village to sangha (buddhist monastic community). According to the date of this inscription, Kalasan temple is the oldest among temples built in the Prambanan valley. Despite being renovated and partially rebuilt during the Dutch colonial era, the temple currently is in poor condition. Compared to other temples nearby such as Prambanan, Sewu, and Sambisari the temple is not maintained.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><h2 style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span class="mw-headline"><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Architecture<o:p></o:p></span></span></h2><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 200%;">The temple stands on square 14.20 meters sub-basement. The temple plan is cross-shaped 12 corners polygon. Each of four cardinal points have stairs and gates adorned with Kala-Makara and also have rooms measured 3,5 square meters. No statue is found in the smaller room facing north, west, and south; but the lotus pedestals suggested that the rooms once contains statues of bodhisattvas. The temple is richly decorated with buddhist figures such as bodhisattva and gana. The Kala Face above the southern door has been photographed and used by a number of foreign academics in their books to give an idea of the artistry in stone by Central Javanese artists of a millennia ago. Niches where the statues would have been placed are found inside and outside the temple. The niches adorned outer wall intricately carved with Kala, gods and divinities in scene of svargaloka, celestial palace abode of gods, apsaras, and gandharvas.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 200%;">The roof of the temple is designed in three sections. The lower one are still according to the polygonal shape of the body and contains small niches with statues of boddhisatvas seated on lotus. Each of this niches is crowned with stupas. The middle part of the roof is in octagonal (eight sided) shape. Each of this eight sides adorned with niches contains statue of a Dhyani Buddha flanked by two standing boddhisatvas. The top part of the roof is almost circular and also have 8 niches crowned with single large dagoba. The octagonal aspect of the structure has led to speculation of non-buddhist elements in the temple, similar to some interpretations of the early <st1:place w:st="on">Borobudur</st1:place> structure.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 200%;">The temple is facing east, with eastern room also served as access to main central room. In the larger main room there is lotus pedestal and throne carved with makara, lion, and elephant figure, similar to the Budha Vairocana throne founds in Mendut temple. According to the Kalasan inscription, the temple once houses the large (probably reaching 4 meters tall) statue of the Boddhisattvadevi Tara. By the design of the throne, most probably the statue of the goddess was in seated position and made from bronze. Now the statue is missing, probably the same fate as bronze Buddha statue in Sewu temple, being looted for scrap metal over centuries.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 200%;">On the outer wall of the temple found the traces of plaster called vajralepa (lit: diamond plaster). The same substance also founds in nearby Sari temple. The white-yellowish plaster was applied to protect the temple wall, but now the plaster has worn off.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 200%;">The temple is located on archaeologically rich Prambanan valley. Just a few hundred meters north east from Kalasan temple is located Sari temple. Candi Sari most probably was the monastery mentioned in Kalasan inscription. Further east lies the Prambanan complex, Sewu temple, and Plaosan temple.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 200%;">~ Istalastu ~<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 200%;"><br />
</span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://istanalangit.com/wp-content/uploads/468-x-90-1.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="76" src="http://istanalangit.com/wp-content/uploads/468-x-90-1.gif" width="400" /></a></div><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 200%;"><br />
</span><br />
<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 200%;"><br />
</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 200%;">Source : Wikipedia<o:p></o:p></span></div>Jabaltravhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16044589030739675329noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6216772907098364996.post-87816838339227513412011-06-10T20:58:00.000-07:002011-08-14T06:12:11.490-07:00Keyword (Kata Kunci)<div style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiNHtHab6oYAwTWtiR5zB5k_8Lzns1Vno8YDQuGuHufyHp41saBf_V3u5HokzsOD7nbUjpb-BN4m-RhzoopTWtXglYVSSeva_Q6okAhd5qvThZSAgigdoJoNuzFCxEWZAhv5s2KpHXvmaY/s1600/keyword.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="181" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiNHtHab6oYAwTWtiR5zB5k_8Lzns1Vno8YDQuGuHufyHp41saBf_V3u5HokzsOD7nbUjpb-BN4m-RhzoopTWtXglYVSSeva_Q6okAhd5qvThZSAgigdoJoNuzFCxEWZAhv5s2KpHXvmaY/s200/keyword.png" width="200" /></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"></span><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Di Indonesia, berdasarkan search engine data, ada beberapa kata yang paling sering dipergunakan dalam pencarian di search engine, baik itu melalui yahoo, google, maupun search engine yang lain. Insan Indonesia memang kadang latah dalam suatu jenis kategori ketertarikan, mengikuti trend yang kadangkala tidak sesuai dengan kebutuhan yang sesungguhnya.</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Dari beberapa keyword yang dipergunakan, akan kami ulas beberapa diantaranya, yaitu kata Indonesia itu sendiri, </span><br />
<a name='more'></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">friendster, facebook, yahoo, google, lowongan, mp3, download, video, dan gambar. Tentu saja disamping itu ada beberapa kata yang sedikit khusus sifatnya, yaitu : sex, bugil, make love, ML, massage, pijat, dll. (he he he : isla) </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Trend Facebook yang tengah booming saat ini memang di awali oleh beberapa situs pertemanan yang lainnya. Friendster (www.friendster.com) pertama dikenalkan pada tahun 2002, di silicon valley, California, amerika serikat. Friendster sempat mengalami puncaknya sebelum akhirnya digeser oleh facebook. Facebook (www.facebook.com) pertama diperkenalkan pada tahun 2004. facebook pertama kali diluncurkan sebetulnya untuk media pengenalan antar mahasiswa di Harvard. Akan tetapi ternyata sudah mendarah daging bagi hampir sebagian besar masyarakat di Indonesia. Bahkan ada yang hampir 24 jam berkutik dengan facebook, sambil bekerja, sambil melayani konsumen atau nasabah, bahkan, mungkin seorang hakim sambil memimpin sidang juga mengutak-atik facebook dari blackbery miliknya (betul kan yang mulia bapak hakim? : isla). Secara prinsip, kinerja dari friendster dan facebook relatif sama, tinggal selera dari pemiliknya saja. Masih ada beberapa situs pertemanan yang lain, seperti orkut, myspace, multiply, meetup, tribe, dan masih banyak yang lainnya. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Yahoo (www.yahoo.com) dan google (www.google.com) merupakan situs yang memberikan fasilitas search engine maupun layanan email. Masih ada beberapa lagi yang menjadi dukungan dari kedua situs di atas, seperti blogger, flickr, dan lain-lain. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Untuk kalimat lowongan sendiri berkaitan dengan kebutuhan searcher terhadap pekerjaan. Ada beberapa situs yang memfasilitasi hal ini seperti www.jobsdb.com, www.monster.com, dan beberapa situs lainnya. Lowongan relatif memberikan kembangan yang juga beraneka ragam jenisnya. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Untuk kata download, mp3, video dan gambar relatif memiliki saling keterkaitan. Kesemua kalimat berikut memang mendasar kepada rasa keingintahuan searcher terhadap suatu kategori, issue, produk or beberapa hal lainnya. Apalagi misalnya ada issue terbaru mengenai selebritis yang terjebak kasus video or gambar asusila’nya (he he he). </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Sesungguhnya masih ada beberapa keyword yang juga seringkali dicari oleh orang, seperti youtube, lirik, lyrics, games, myspace, my, music, news, ebay, wikipedia, dan masih ada beberapa lainnya. Semoga informasi di atas dapat memberikan sedikit wawasan terhadap anda semua. (istalastu)</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://istanalangit.com/wp-content/uploads/468-x-90-1.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="76" src="http://istanalangit.com/wp-content/uploads/468-x-90-1.gif" width="400" /></a></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div>Jabaltravhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16044589030739675329noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6216772907098364996.post-81302289633429520882011-06-10T20:49:00.000-07:002011-08-14T06:13:02.203-07:00Batik (Javanese Traditional Clothes)<div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Batik is a cloth which traditionally uses a manual wax-resist dyeing technique. Due to modern advances in the textile industry, the term has been extended to include fabrics which incorporate traditional batik patterns even if they are not produced using the wax-resist dyeing techniques. Silk batik is especially popular. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"></span><br />
<a name='more'></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYm6rmuJO5ITxxRzm-Fi9UZp4WAXBWr4R3zIL5YWaATNBjP6nGK7wbJAbeym8WxqCJCAuAHlaXwj7nrlhhd-IN7NNhK-BcuNT9m_SAqG85YHV5guV1hplz6RB-acTgMD7FND7RLCvvu50/s1600/batik+1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="150" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYm6rmuJO5ITxxRzm-Fi9UZp4WAXBWr4R3zIL5YWaATNBjP6nGK7wbJAbeym8WxqCJCAuAHlaXwj7nrlhhd-IN7NNhK-BcuNT9m_SAqG85YHV5guV1hplz6RB-acTgMD7FND7RLCvvu50/s200/batik+1.jpg" width="200" /></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Javanese traditional batik, especially from Yogyakarta and Surakarta, has special meanings rooted to the Javanese conceptualization of the universe. Traditional colours include indigo, dark brown, and white which represent the three major Hindu Gods (Brahmā, Visnu, and Śiva). This is related to the fact that natural dyes are only available in indigo and brown. Certain patterns can only be worn by nobility; traditionally, wider stripes or wavy lines of greater width indicated higher rank. Consequently, during Javanese ceremonies, one could determine the royal lineage of a person by the cloth he or she was wearing. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Other regions of Indonesia have their own unique patterns which normally take themes from everyday lives, incorporating patterns such as flowers, nature, animals, folklore or people. The colours of pesisir batik, from the coastal cities of northern Java, is especially vibrant, and it absorbs influence from the Javanese, Arab, Chinese and Dutch culture. In the colonial times pesisir batik was a favorite of the Peranakan Chinese, Dutch and Eurasians. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">UNESCO designated Indonesian batik as a Masterpiece of Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity on October 2, 2009. As part of the acknowledgment, UNESCO insisted that Indonesia preserve their heritage. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Batik or fabrics with the traditional batik patterns are also found in several countries such as Malaysia, Japan, China, Azerbaijan, India, Sri Lanka, Egypt, Nigeria, Senegal, and Singapore. Malaysian batik often displays plants and flowers, as Islam forbid pictures of other living beings. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><b>E T Y M O L O G Y</b></span> </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Although the word's origin is Javanese, its etymology may be either from the Javanese amba ('to write') and titik ('dot' or 'point'), or constructed from a hypothetical Proto-Austronesian root beCík, meaning 'to tattoo' from the use of a needle in the process. The word is first recorded in English in the Encyclopedia Britannica of 1880, in which it is spelled battik. It is attested in the Indonesian Archipelago during the Dutch colonial period in various forms: mbatek, mbatik, batek and batik. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><b>H I S T O R Y</b></span> </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Wax resist dyeing technique in fabric is an ancient art form. Discoveries show it already existed in Egypt in the 4th century BCE, where it was used to wrap mummies; linen was soaked in wax, and scratched using a sharp tool. In Asia, the technique was practiced in China during the Tang dynasty (618-907 CE), and in India and Japan during the Nara period (645-794 CE). In Africa it was originally practiced by the Yoruba tribe in Nigeria, Soninke and Wolof in Senegal. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">In Java, Indonesia, batik predates written records. GP. Rouffaer argues that the technique might have been introduced during the 6th or 7th century from India or Sri Lanka. On the other hand, JLA. Brandes (a Dutch archeologist) and F.A. Sutjipto (an Indonesian archeologist) believe Indonesian batik is a native tradition, regions such as Toraja, Flores, Halmahera, and Papua which were not directly influenced by Hinduism have an old age tradition of batik making. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">GP. Rouffaer also reported that the gringsing pattern was already known by the 12th century in Kediri, East Java. He concluded that such a delicate pattern could only be created by means of the canting (also spelled tjanting or tjunting) tool. He proposed that the canting was invented in Java around that time. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Batik was mentioned in the 17th century Malay Annals. The legend goes when Laksamana Hang Nadim was ordered by Sultan Mahmud to sail to India to get 140 pieces of serasah cloth (batik) with 40 types of flowers depicted on each. Unable to find any that fulfilled the requirements explained to him, he made up his own. On his return unfortunately, his ship sank and he only managed to bring four pieces, earning displeasure from the Sultan. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">In Europe, the technique is described for the first time in the History of Java, published in London in 1817 by Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles who had been a British governor for the island. In 1873 the Dutch merchant Van Rijckevorsel gave the pieces he collected during a trip to Indonesia to the ethnographic museum in Rotterdam. Today Tropenmuseum housed the biggest collection of Indonesian batik in the Netherlands. The Dutch were active in developing batik in the colonial era, they introduced new innovations and prints. And it was indeed starting from the early 19th century that the art of batik really grew finer and reached its golden period. Exposed to the Exposition Universelle at Paris in 1900, the Indonesian batik impressed the public and the artisans. After the independence of Indonesia and the decline of the Dutch textile industry, the Dutch batik production was lost, the Gemeentemuseum, Den Haag contains artifacts from that era. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Due globalization and industrialization, which introduced automated techniques, new breeds of batik, known as batik cap (stamp method) and batik print emerged, and the traditional batik which incorporates the hand written wax-resist dyeing technique is known now as batik tulis (lit: 'Written Batik'). At the same time Indonesian immigrants to Malaysia and Singapore brought Indonesian batik with them. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>C U L T U R E </b></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">In one form or another, batik has worldwide popularity. Now, not only is batik used as a material to clothe the human body, its uses also include furnishing fabrics, heavy canvas wall hangings, tablecloths and household accessories. Batik techniques are used by famous artists to create batik paintings which grace many homes and offices. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Depending on the quality of the art work, dyes, and fabric, the finest batik tulis halus cloth can fetch several thousand dollars, reflecting the fact that it probably took several months to make. Batik tulis has both sides of the cloth ornamented. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">In Indonesia, traditionally, batik was sold in 2.25-meter lengths used for kain panjang or sarong for kebaya dress. It can also be worn by wrapping it around the body, or made into a hat known as blangkon. Infants are carried in batik slings decorated with symbols designed to bring the child luck. Certain batik designs are reserved for brides and bridegrooms, as well as their families. The dead are shrouded in funerary batik. Other designs are reserved for the Sultan and his family or their attendants. A person's rank could be determined by the pattern of the batik he or she wore. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Sacred Dance of Bedhoyo Ketawang. The batik is wrapped around the body </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">For special occasions, batik was formerly decorated with gold leaf or dust. This cloth is known as prada (a Javanese word for gold) cloth. Gold decorated cloth is still made today; however, gold paint has replaced gold dust and leaf. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Batik garments play a central role in certain rituals, such as the ceremonial casting of royal batik into a volcano. In the Javanese naloni mitoni "first pregnancy" ceremony, the mother-to-be is wrapped in seven layers of batik, wishing her good things. Batik is also prominent in the tedak siten ceremony when a child touches the earth for the first time. Batik is also part of the labuhan ceremony when people gather at a beach to throw their problems away into the sea. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Contemporary batik, while owing much to the past, is markedly different from the more traditional and formal styles. For example, the artist may use etching, discharge dyeing, stencils, different tools for waxing and dyeing, wax recipes with different resist values and work with silk, cotton, wool, leather, paper or even wood and ceramics. The wide diversity of patterns reflects a variety of influences, ranging from Arabic calligraphy, European bouquets and Chinese phoenixes to Japanese cherry blossoms and Indian or Persian peacocks. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">In Indonesia, batik popularity has its up and downs. Historically it was essential for ceremonial costumes and it was worn as part of a kebaya dress, which was commonly worn every day. According to Professor Michael Hitchcock of the University of Chichester (UK), batik "has a strong political dimension. The batik shirt was invented as a formal non-Western shirt for men in Indonesia in the 1960s. It waned from the 1960s onwards, because more and more women chose western clothes. However, batik clothing has revived somewhat in the 21st century, due to the effort of Indonesian fashion designers to innovate the kebaya by incorporating new colors, fabrics, and patterns. Batik is a fashion item for many young people in Indonesia, such as a shirt, dress, or scarf for casual wear. For a formal occasion, a kebaya is standard for women. It is also acceptable for men to wear batik in the office or as a replacement for jacket-and-tie at certain receptions. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: x-large;"><b>TYPES AND VARIATIONS OF BATIK </b></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>JAVANESE KRATON BATIK (JAVANESE COURT BATIK) </b></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Javanese keraton (court) Batik is the oldest batik tradition known in Java. Also known as Batik Pedalaman (inland batik) in contrast with Batik Pesisiran (coastal batik). This type of batik has earthy color tones such as black, brown, and dark yellow (sogan), sometimes against a white background. The motifs of traditional court batik have symbolic meanings. Some designs are restricted: larger motifs can only be worn by royalty; and certain motifs are not suitable for women, or for specific occasions (e.g., weddings). </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">The palace courts (keratonan) in two cities in central Java are known for preserving and fostering batik traditions : </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">* Surakarta (Solo City) Batik. Traditional Surakarta court batik is preserved and fostered by the Susuhunan and Mangkunegaran courts. The main areas that produce Solo batik are the Laweyan and Kauman districts of the city. Solo batik typically has sogan as the background color. Pasar Klewer near the Susuhunan palace is a retail trade center. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">* Yogyakarta Batik. Traditional Yogya batik is preserved and fostered by the Yogyakarta Sultanate and the Pakualaman court. Usually Yogya Batik has white as the background color. Fine batik is produced at Kampung Taman district. Beringharjo market near Malioboro street is well known as a retail batik trade center in Yogyakarta. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>PESISIR BATIK (COASTAL BATIK) </b></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Pesisir batik is created and produced by several areas on the northern coast of Java and on Madura. As a consequence of maritime trading, the Pesisir batik tradition was more open to foreign influences in textile design, coloring, and motifs, in contrast to inland batik which was relatively independent of outside influences. For example, Pesisir batik utilizes vivid colors and Chinese motifs such as clouds, phoenix, dragon, qilin, lotus, peony, and floral patterns. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">* Pekalongan Batik. The most famous Pesisir Batik production area is the town of Pekalongan in Central Java province. Compared to other pesisir batik production centers, the batik production houses in this town is the most thriving. Batik Pekalongan was influenced by both Dutch-European and Chinese motifs, for example the buketan motifs was influenced by European flower bouquet. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">* Cirebon Batik. Also known as Trusmi Batik because that is the primary production area. The most well known Cirebon batik motif is megamendung (rain cloud) that was used in the former Cirebon kraton. This cloud motif shows Chinese influence. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">* Lasem Batik. Lasem batik is characterized by a bright red color called abang getih pithik (chicken blood red). Batik Lasem is heavily influenced by Chinese culture. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">* Tuban Batik. Batik gedog is the speciality of Tuban Batik, the batik was created from handmade tenun (woven) fabrics. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">* Madura Batik. Madurese Batik displays vibrant colors, such as yellow, red, and green. Madura unique motifs for example pucuk tombak (spear tips), also various flora and fauna images. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>INDONESIAN BATIK FROM OTHER AREAS </b></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><b>J A V A</b></span> </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">* Tasikmalaya Batik. This type of batik is produced by Sundanese people in the Tasikmalaya district of West Java province. Tasikmalaya Batik has its own traditional motif such as umbrella. Center of Tasikmalaya Batik can be found in Ciroyom District about 2 km from city center of Tasikmalaya. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">* Garut Batik. This type of batik is produced by Sundanese people in the Garut district of West Java province. Despite applying traditional Javanese court motifs such as parang, Garut batik uses lighter and brighter colors compared to Javanese court batik. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">* Banten Batik. This type of batik employs bright and soft pastel colors. It represents a revival of a lost art from the Sultanate of Banten, rediscovered through archaeological work during 2002-2004. Twelve motifs from locations such as Surosowan and several other places have been identified. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">* Java Hokokai Batik. This type is characterized by flowers in a garden surrounded by butterflies. This motif originated during the Japanese occupation of Java in the early 1940s. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>B A L I </b></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">* Balinese Batik. Balinese batik was influenced by neighbouring Javanese Batik and is relatively recent compared to the latter island, having been stimulated by the tourism industry and consequent rising demand for souvenirs (since the early 20th century). In addition to the traditional wax-resist dye technique and industrial techniques such as the stamp (cap) and painting, Balinese batik sometimes utilizes ikat (tie dye). Balinese batik is characterized by bright and vibrant colors, which the tie dye technique blends into a smooth gradation of color with many shades. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>S U M A T E R A </b></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">* Jambi Batik. Trade relations between the Melayu Kingdom in Jambi and Javanese coastal cities have thrived since the 13th century. Therefore, the northern coastal areas of Java (Cirebon, Lasem, Tuban, and Madura) probably influenced Jambi in regard to batik. In 1875, Haji Mahibat from Central Java revived the declining batik industry in Jambi. The village of Mudung Laut in Pelayangan district is known for producing Jambi batik. This Jambi batik, as well as Javanese batik, influenced the batik craft in the Malay peninsula. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">* Riau Batik. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">* Palembang Batik. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">* Aceh Batik. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>PROCEDURE </b></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Melted wax (Javanese: malam) is applied to cloth before being dipped in dye. It is common for people to use a mixture of beeswax and paraffin wax. The beeswax will hold to the fabric and the paraffin wax will allow cracking, which is a characteristic of batik. Wherever the wax has seeped through the fabric, the dye will not penetrate. Sometimes several colours are used, with a series of dyeing, drying and waxing steps. Thin wax lines are made with a canting, a wooden handled tool with a tiny metal cup with a tiny spout, out of which the wax seeps. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">After the last dyeing, the fabric is hung up to dry. Then it is dipped in a solvent to dissolve the wax, or ironed between paper towels or newspapers to absorb the wax and reveal the deep rich colors and the fine crinkle lines that give batik its character. This traditional method of batik making is called batik tulis. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">For batik prada, gold leaf was used in the Yogjakarta and Surakarta area. The Central Javanese used gold dust to decorate their prada cloth. It was applied to the fabric using a handmade glue consisting of egg white or linseed oil and yellow earth. The gold would remain on the cloth even after it had been washed. The gold could follow the design of the cloth or could take on its own design. Older batiks could be given a new look by applying gold to them. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>INDUSTRIALIZATION OF TECHNIQUE </b></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">The application of wax with a canting is done with great care and therefore is very time-consuming. As the population increased and commercial demand rose, time-saving methods evolved. Other methods of applying the wax to the fabric include pouring the liquid wax, painting the wax with a brush, and putting hot wax onto pre-carved wooden or copper block (called a cap or tjap) and stamping the fabric. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">The invention of the copper block (cap) developed by the Javanese in the 20th century revolutionized batik production. By block printing the wax onto the fabric, it became possible to mass-produce designs and intricate patterns much faster than one could possibly do by using a canting. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Batik print is the common name given to fabric which incorporates batik pattern without actually using the wax-resist dyeing technique. It represents a further step in the process of industrialization, reducing the cost of batik by mass-producing the pattern repetitively, as a standard practice employed in the worldwide textile industry. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>MAINTAINING BATIK </b></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">For both batik tulis and batik cap, the following rules apply: </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">* Hand wash, or best just soak the cloth </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">* Use very little detergent, best to use lerak </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">* Hang the batik directly, do not squeeze the cloth </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">* Do not hang in direct sunlight </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">* The iron should not directly touch the cloth, best to use a steam iron </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">* Silk batik is best dry-cleaned </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">* Do not spray perfume onto the cloth directly </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">~ Istalastu ~ </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://istanalangit.com/wp-content/uploads/468-x-90-1.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="76" src="http://istanalangit.com/wp-content/uploads/468-x-90-1.gif" width="400" /></a></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Source : Wikipedia</span></div>Jabaltravhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16044589030739675329noreply@blogger.com1